Larynx Anatomy and Cartilages
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Larynx Anatomy and Cartilages

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Questions and Answers

Which structure is responsible for the production of voice?

  • Hyoid bone
  • Thyroid cartilage
  • Cricoid cartilage
  • Larynx (correct)

    • At which cervical vertebrae does the larynx begin?

  • 4th cervical vertebra
  • 5th cervical vertebra
  • 6th cervical vertebra (correct)
  • 3rd cervical vertebra

    • Which cartilage is described as having a signet shape?

  • Cricoid cartilage (correct)
  • Corniculate cartilage
  • Arytenoid cartilage
  • Thyroid cartilage

    • What meets in the midline to form the Adam's apple?

    <p>Thyroid laminae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature does the thyroid cartilage possess for muscle attachment?

    <p>Oblique line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the vocal ligament in the larynx?

    <p>The cricothyroid ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following boundaries is NOT located at the inlet of the larynx?

    <p>Posterior cricoid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is located below the inlet of the larynx?

    <p>Vocal folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fissure between the vestibular folds?

    <p>Rima vestibuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is part of the laryngeal cavity's structure?

    <p>Cuneiform tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament connects the lower margin of the cricoid cartilage to the first ring of the trachea?

    <p>Cricotracheal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the thyrohyoid membrane?

    <p>Pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and internal laryngeal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cartilage forms the vocal process in the larynx?

    <p>Arytenoid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the cartilage that is attached to the epiglottis through the hyoepiglottic ligament.

    <p>Thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the cricothyroid ligament in the larynx?

    <p>Links the lower margin of the cricoid cartilage to the first tracheal ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for adducting the vocal cords?

    <p>Lateral crico-arytenoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which membrane's lower margin forms the vestibular ligaments?

    <p>Quadrangular membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the median thyrohyoid ligament primarily attach?

    <p>Hyoid bone to thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure extends between the vocal folds above and the lower border of the cricoid cartilage below?

    <p>Infraglottic part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for abducting the vocal cords?

    <p>Posterior crico-arytenoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is performed by the crico-thyroid muscle?

    <p>Produces tension of the vocal cords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery's superior laryngeal branch enters the larynx through the thyrohyoid membrane?

    <p>Superior thyroid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The structure that covers the entrance to the larynx is called what?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is involved in closing the glottis?

    <p>Oblique arytenoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the lateral crico-arytenoid muscle?

    <p>Adducts the vocal cords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure marks the space between the true vocal cords?

    <p>Rima glottidis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery primarily supplies blood to the larynx?

    <p>Inferior thyroid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in the larynx?

    <p>Supplies motor innervation to all intrinsic muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymph nodes receive drainage from lymphatics located above the level of the vocal cords?

    <p>Upper deep cervical nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves provides sensory supply below the level of the vocal folds?

    <p>Recurrent laryngeal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laryngeal nerve is responsible for supplying the cricothyroid muscle?

    <p>External laryngeal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lymph nodes are associated with the drainage of the larynx below the level of the vocal cords?

    <p>Prelaryngeal and pretracheal nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following arteries is NOT involved in the blood supply of the larynx?

    <p>Cricothyroid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of innervation does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provide?

    <p>Motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Larynx Anatomy

    • The larynx is a specialized structure involved in voice production.
    • Located between the pharynx and trachea, it extends from the 6th cervical vertebrae to the inlet of the larynx.
    • Situated opposite the 3rd, 4th, and 6th cervical vertebrae.

    Cartilages of the Larynx

    • The larynx's structure is supported by multiple cartilages:
      • Epiglottis: A leaf-shaped cartilage that acts as a valve during swallowing, preventing food from entering the airway.
      • Hyoid bone: A horseshoe-shaped bone that sits above the thyroid cartilage and helps support the tongue.
      • Thyroid cartilage: Largest cartilage, forms the "Adam's apple." Two laminae meet at the midline, with an oblique line on the surface for muscle attachment.
      • Cricoid cartilage: Ring-shaped cartilage located below the thyroid cartilage. It has a broad posterior lamina and a narrower anterior arch.
      • Arytenoid cartilages: Two pyramid-shaped cartilages that sit on top of the cricoid cartilage. They have vocal processes that attach to the vocal ligaments, and muscular processes for muscle attachments.

    Membranes and Ligaments of the Larynx

    • Extrinsic Membranes and Ligaments:
      • Thyrohyoid membrane: Connects the thyroid and hyoid bones, pierced by superior laryngeal vessels and the internal laryngeal nerve.
      • Cricotracheal ligament: Connects the cricoid cartilage to the first tracheal ring.
      • Hyoepiglottic ligament: Attaches the epiglottis to the hyoid bone.
      • Thyroepiglottic ligament: Connects the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage.
    • Intrinsic Membranes and Ligaments:
      • Quadrangular membrane: Forms the vestibular ligaments, which create the vestibular folds.
      • Cricothyroid ligament (Cricovocal membrane): Forms the vocal ligaments (true vocal cords).

    Cavity of the Larynx

    • The cavity of the larynx is divided into three regions:
      • Vestibule: The region between the inlet and the vestibular folds.
      • Sinus of larynx: A recess on each side of the larynx between the vestibular and vocal folds, containing the saccule of larynx.
      • Lower part: Extends from the vocal folds to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage.
    • Folds in the Cavity:
      • Vestibular folds (false vocal cords): Upper pair of folds.
      • Vocal folds (true vocal cords): Lower pair of folds, responsible for sound production.

    Muscles of the Larynx

    • Extrinsic Muscles: Move the larynx as a whole.
    • Intrinsic Muscles: Control the vocal cords, influencing pitch and volume of sound.
      • Cricothyroid: Tenses the vocal cords.
      • Posterior Cricoarytenoid: Abducts the vocal cords, allowing air passage.
      • Lateral Cricoarytenoid: Adducts the vocal cords.
      • Transverse Arytenoid: Adducts the vocal cords.
      • Oblique Arytenoid: Adducts and rotates the arytenoids.
      • Aryepiglottic: Helps close the larynx during swallowing.
      • Thyroarytenoid: Relaxes the vocal cords.
      • Thyroepiglottic: Helps close the larynx during swallowing.

    Blood Supply of the Larynx

    • Superior Thyroid Artery: Supplies the larynx via its superior laryngeal branch.
    • Inferior Thyroid Artery: Supplies the larynx via its inferior laryngeal branch.

    Lymphatic Drainage of the Larynx

    • Above vocal cords: Drains to the upper deep cervical lymph nodes.
    • Below vocal cords: Drains to the prelaryngeal, pretracheal, and lower deep cervical lymph nodes.

    Nerve Supply of the Larynx

    • Motor:
      • Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Supplies all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid.
      • External Laryngeal Nerve: Supplies the cricothyroid muscle.
    • Sensory:
      • Internal Laryngeal Nerve: Supplies the larynx above the vocal folds.
      • Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Supplies the larynx below the vocal folds

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    Anatomy of Larynx PDF

    Description

    Explore the intricate anatomy of the larynx, including its role in voice production and its location. Learn about the various cartilages that support this vital structure, such as the epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, and cricoid cartilage, each contributing to the function and protection of the airway.

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