Lansoprazole (Prevacid) Flashcards

Lansoprazole Overview

• Generic Name: Lansoprazole
• Trade Names: Prevacid, Prevacid SoluTab
• Classification: Anti-ulcer, proton pump inhibitor

Dosage Information

• Standard dosage: 15mg/day
• Normal dosage range: 15-30 mg/day
• Administered orally (po)
• Treatment duration: Daily for 8-14 weeks

Pharmacokinetics

• Onset of action: Absorption occurs after granules leave the stomach, approximately 80% absorbed
• Peak effect: Information not specified
• Duration: Plasma half-life between 1.5-2 hours

Indications and Uses

• FDA-approved for:
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  • Severe erosive esophagitis
  • Pathologic hypersecretory conditions (e.g., Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, systemic mastocytosis, multiple endocrine adenomas)
  • Potential treatment for duodenal and gastric ulcers
  • Maintenance of healed duodenal ulcers
• Unlabeled use: Effective for GERD in infants

Mechanism of Action

• Suppresses gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system in gastric parietal cells
• Characterized as a gastric acid pump inhibitor, blocking the final step in acid production

Nursing Implications

• Monitor for acute stomach pain
• Be aware of pseudomembranous colitis as a potential condition to assess

Pre-Administration Assessment

• Risk of pseudomembranous colitis; assess bowel sounds, abdominal pain, swelling, anorexia, and blood in stool even after therapy completion
• Conduct hepatic function studies (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase)
• Check INR and prothrombin time in patients on warfarin
• Monitor magnesium levels, as low magnesium may occur

Contraindications and Precautions

• Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drug
• Precautions: Use cautiously in pregnancy (category B), breastfeeding, children, patients with hypomagnesemia, and osteoporosis

Post-Administration Monitoring

• Check for absence of epigastric pain, swelling, and fullness

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

• Possible CNS side effects: Headaches
• GI effects: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, constipation, flatulence, acid regurgitation, anorexia, irritable colon, microscopic colitis, and pseudomembranous colitis
• GU issues: Hematuria, glycosuria, impotence, kidney stones, and breast enlargement

Administration Guidelines

• Oral administration: Swallow capsules whole 30 minutes before meals; do not crush or chew
• NG tube administration: Open capsule to use granules; ensure proper mixing with water for NG delivery
• Oral disintegrating tablet can be mixed with water before NG tube administration

Patient Education

• Advise patients to report severe diarrhea, cramps, blood in stools, or fever; possible discontinuation of therapy may be needed
• Caution about hypoglycemia in diabetics
• Warn against hazardous activities due to possible dizziness
• Advise against alcohol, salicylates, and ibuprofen due to potential GI irritation
• Full therapeutic effect for heartburn may take 1-4 days
• Pregnant patients should notify healthcare provider if pregnancy is suspected

Drug Interactions

• Decreases efficacy of antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel
• Increased toxicity risk with fluvoxamine and voriconazole
• Increased bleeding risk with warfarin
• Decreased absorption of several drugs (e.g., sucralfate, ketoconazole, iron, ampicillin)
• Potentiate hypomagnesemia with loop/thiazide diuretics
• Consider interactions with St. John's Wort and red yeast rice
• Administer 30 minutes before food to enhance absorption rate

Test your knowledge on Lansoprazole, also known as Prevacid, with these flashcards. Learn key details such as its generic name, dosing information, and classification as a proton pump inhibitor. Perfect for students in pharmacology or anyone interested in medication details.