Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of the r pronunciation in certain areas?
What is the primary characteristic of the r pronunciation in certain areas?
In which region did the loss of the r pronunciation likely begin?
In which region did the loss of the r pronunciation likely begin?
What historical period is associated with the beginning of the r pronunciation loss?
What historical period is associated with the beginning of the r pronunciation loss?
How many areas are identified where the r is pronounced distinctly, according to the content?
How many areas are identified where the r is pronounced distinctly, according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect did the loss of the r pronunciation have on regional dialects?
What effect did the loss of the r pronunciation have on regional dialects?
Signup and view all the answers
What is often the first stage in the process leading to language extinction?
What is often the first stage in the process leading to language extinction?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following languages has been subject to revitalization efforts despite its near extinction?
Which of the following languages has been subject to revitalization efforts despite its near extinction?
Signup and view all the answers
What typically causes gradual language death?
What typically causes gradual language death?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor is NOT typically associated with sudden language extinction?
Which factor is NOT typically associated with sudden language extinction?
Signup and view all the answers
What leads to a cycle of attrition in language loss?
What leads to a cycle of attrition in language loss?
Signup and view all the answers
What is claimed about dialects in the context of language?
What is claimed about dialects in the context of language?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes how social background influences language?
Which of the following best describes how social background influences language?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key factor in determining the variety of English one speaks?
What is a key factor in determining the variety of English one speaks?
Signup and view all the answers
What common outcome occurs due to loss and forgetting of a language over time?
What common outcome occurs due to loss and forgetting of a language over time?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'language shift' refer to?
What does the term 'language shift' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes a pidgin language?
What characterizes a pidgin language?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the term 'lexifier' in the context of pidgin languages?
Which of the following best describes the term 'lexifier' in the context of pidgin languages?
Signup and view all the answers
What results in the formation of a creole from a pidgin?
What results in the formation of a creole from a pidgin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key difference between a pidgin and a creole?
What is a key difference between a pidgin and a creole?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement is true regarding the functionality of a stable pidgin?
Which statement is true regarding the functionality of a stable pidgin?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to a pidgin when it undergoes creolization?
What happens to a pidgin when it undergoes creolization?
Signup and view all the answers
Which historical example illustrates the creation of pidgin languages?
Which historical example illustrates the creation of pidgin languages?
Signup and view all the answers
What factors contribute to a pidgin's stability over time?
What factors contribute to a pidgin's stability over time?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of pidgin languages, what does 'expanded pidgin' refer to?
In the context of pidgin languages, what does 'expanded pidgin' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main goal of the accommodation process in speech?
What is the main goal of the accommodation process in speech?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one characteristic of koinéization in terms of linguistic features?
What is one characteristic of koinéization in terms of linguistic features?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the vowel sounds used by children in a koiné setting, as demonstrated by Kerswill and Williams in Milton Keynes?
What happens to the vowel sounds used by children in a koiné setting, as demonstrated by Kerswill and Williams in Milton Keynes?
Signup and view all the answers
How does dialect levelling primarily function in a continuous dialect contact situation?
How does dialect levelling primarily function in a continuous dialect contact situation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between dialect levelling and koinéization?
What is the relationship between dialect levelling and koinéization?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key outcome of the dialect levelling process?
What is a key outcome of the dialect levelling process?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement accurately describes the nature of dialect levelling?
Which statement accurately describes the nature of dialect levelling?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one characteristic of the way people in the south of England speak compared to those in the north?
What is one characteristic of the way people in the south of England speak compared to those in the north?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about nonstandard dialects is true?
Which of the following statements about nonstandard dialects is true?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes dialect from accent?
What distinguishes dialect from accent?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of English language usage, what does 'style' refer to?
In the context of English language usage, what does 'style' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following options best explains 'register' in the context of language use?
Which of the following options best explains 'register' in the context of language use?
Signup and view all the answers
What is indicated about the relationship between style and dialect?
What is indicated about the relationship between style and dialect?
Signup and view all the answers
Why do different dialects and accents exist within the English language?
Why do different dialects and accents exist within the English language?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following nonstandard phrases exemplifies a common error found in dialects?
Which of the following nonstandard phrases exemplifies a common error found in dialects?
Signup and view all the answers
What tends to characterize regional variation in language according to social status?
What tends to characterize regional variation in language according to social status?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about colloquial vocabulary is correct?
Which of the following statements about colloquial vocabulary is correct?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary characteristic of progressive assimilation?
What is the primary characteristic of progressive assimilation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which example demonstrates regressive assimilation?
Which example demonstrates regressive assimilation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which phenomenon is likely to occur when [ṉ] is followed by [f]?
Which phenomenon is likely to occur when [ṉ] is followed by [f]?
Signup and view all the answers
What articulatory feature is affected during the devoicing of rhotacised sounds?
What articulatory feature is affected during the devoicing of rhotacised sounds?
Signup and view all the answers
In which situation does dentalisation occur?
In which situation does dentalisation occur?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of assimilation occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound?
What type of assimilation occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the /s/ sound followed by /ð/ in connected speech?
What happens to the /s/ sound followed by /ð/ in connected speech?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of labialisation on the sounds [ṯ, ḏ, ṉ] when followed by labials?
What is the effect of labialisation on the sounds [ṯ, ḏ, ṉ] when followed by labials?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following sounds undergoes velarisation when followed by velar consonants?
Which of the following sounds undergoes velarisation when followed by velar consonants?
Signup and view all the answers
What occurs when [ṉ] is followed by [c, ɟ, j, tʃ, dʒ] in the process of palatalisation?
What occurs when [ṉ] is followed by [c, ɟ, j, tʃ, dʒ] in the process of palatalisation?
Signup and view all the answers
In the assimilation of /s/ and /z/ followed by /ʃ/, how are these sounds pronounced?
In the assimilation of /s/ and /z/ followed by /ʃ/, how are these sounds pronounced?
Signup and view all the answers
Which phonological process involves both sounds adjusting mutually?
Which phonological process involves both sounds adjusting mutually?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of voicing on consonants in phonological processes?
What is the effect of voicing on consonants in phonological processes?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes coalescent assimilation?
What characterizes coalescent assimilation?
Signup and view all the answers
In what context is elision of /h/ most likely to occur?
In what context is elision of /h/ most likely to occur?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process leads to the blending of two sounds into one?
Which process leads to the blending of two sounds into one?
Signup and view all the answers
How does devoicing typically manifest among voiced consonants?
How does devoicing typically manifest among voiced consonants?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes palatalisation?
Which of the following describes palatalisation?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of assimilation involves sounds that result in a wider application across various phonetic contexts?
What type of assimilation involves sounds that result in a wider application across various phonetic contexts?
Signup and view all the answers
Under what condition is /t/ and /d/ not commonly elided when they follow a vowel?
Under what condition is /t/ and /d/ not commonly elided when they follow a vowel?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the phenomenon where sounds are linked across word boundaries called?
What is the phenomenon where sounds are linked across word boundaries called?
Signup and view all the answers
Which example demonstrates elision of /t/ in 'not' contractions?
Which example demonstrates elision of /t/ in 'not' contractions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a situation where /t/ may be glottally reinforced instead of elided?
What is a situation where /t/ may be glottally reinforced instead of elided?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an incorrect condition for elision of /ð/?
Which of the following is an incorrect condition for elision of /ð/?
Signup and view all the answers
What typically occurs during the phenomenon known as intrusion?
What typically occurs during the phenomenon known as intrusion?
Signup and view all the answers
In which context is the /v/ sound most likely to be elided?
In which context is the /v/ sound most likely to be elided?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect is NOT typically associated with elision of /t/ in casual speech?
Which aspect is NOT typically associated with elision of /t/ in casual speech?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of linking 'r' in non-rhotic accents?
What is the primary function of linking 'r' in non-rhotic accents?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an example of linking?
Which of the following is an example of linking?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Language Variation
- Variability is a fundamental property of languages
- Allows identification of individuals, groups, and nations
- Allows tracing language history and comparing languages
- Includes variations in sound production, as well as processing linguistic signals
Language Varieties
- Variations of a given language
- Mutually intelligible within the same language
- Geographically specific (e.g., American English)
- Includes social variations in speech (sociolects)
Dialects
- Variations of a language
- Equally valid forms of a language
- Associated with specific regions
- Dialects are variations and can be spoken by socially related groups in a given geographic location
Accent
- Collection of features making an accent distinct
- Identifies regional origin and social status
- Can indicate native speaker status (exceptions exist)
- Aspects of pronunciation used to identify speech communities
Dialectology
- Systematic study of regional dialects
- Related to historical linguistic and sociolinguistics
- Examines variations in language within communities
- Records data on disappearing dialects
- Describes and compares various dialects
- Uses maps and atlases for linguistic research
- Explains the distribution of dialects and linguistic changes
- Predicts spread of linguistic innovations or changes
- Studies the relationship of dialects to their social groups, and the effect on a language over time
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fascinating world of language variability, dialects, and accents in this quiz on Language Variation and Dialectology. Understand how dialects reflect geographical and social distinctions, and learn about the systematic study of regional dialects and linguistic changes. Perfect for linguistics enthusiasts!
