Dialectology II 2024 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What role do dialect boundaries play in the study of dialectology?

  • They serve as a visual representation of language density.
  • They indicate the geographical distribution of formal language use.
  • They help improve the understanding of linguistic change. (correct)
  • They show the historical origin of a language.

Which of the following best describes the focus of dialectology?

  • The innovation and diffusion of language changes. (correct)
  • The grammatical structure of regional languages.
  • The evaluation of historical texts for language evolution.
  • The phonetic differences between formal and informal speech.

In dialectology, what is primarily studied to understand linguistic change?

  • The geographical distribution of dialect boundaries. (correct)
  • The influence of social media on language evolution.
  • The impact of historical literature on modern dialects.
  • Variations in syntactical structures across different dialects.

What does dialectology predict regarding linguistic innovations?

<p>Innovations or changes spread in patterns that can be anticipated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Dialectology contribute to Historical Linguistics?

<p>By documenting phonological, syntactic and lexical variation across regions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of language variation?

<p>It is a fundamental, inherent property of language. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a dialect from a language variety?

<p>Dialects represent geographical variations within a language. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about dialects is true?

<p>Dialectal differences include variations in syntax, lexis, and phonology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Language attitudes towards dialects are often influenced by what?

<p>Extralinguistic factors leading to social judgment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of language, what does 'mutually intelligible' refer to?

<p>Variations of a language that can be understood by speakers of the same language. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a sub-dialect within American English?

<p>Southern American English (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of dialect is typically preserved by speakers from rural areas with lower educational levels?

<p>Traditional dialect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the systematic study of regional dialects?

<p>Dialectology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does accent primarily function in language?

<p>To identify regional origin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about the General British accent?

<p>It is regional in nature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does sociolinguistics play in relation to dialectology?

<p>It examines social influences on language usage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does dialectology produce to represent the distribution of dialects and accent features?

<p>Maps and atlases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of English dialects, what does 'basilect' refer to?

<p>A non-standard, low-prestige form (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between accent and dialect?

<p>A particular accent is characteristic of a particular dialect. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following identifies an accent as independent of dialect prestige?

<p>All dialects have an associated accent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Language Variation

A fundamental and inherent quality of language; present at all levels (sounds, words, grammar, etc.). It allows for the identification of individuals and groups, and the study of language history and comparison.

Language Variety

One of several variations of a language. These variations are mutually intelligible and can be geographically specific (e.g., American English).

Dialect

A geographical variation of a language. All dialects are valid variations, varying in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. They are associated with a particular area or region.

Sociolect

A dialect that differs from others based on social factors (e.g., social class, gender, age).

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Standard dialect

The dialect that is most commonly used in formal settings.

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Non-standard dialect

A dialect that is not considered the standard form or formal usage.

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Mutual intelligibility

The ability of speakers of different varieties of a language to understand each other.

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What does dialectology do?

Dialectology studies how dialects change over time and space. It explains why dialect boundaries exist, analyzes how language innovations spread, and predicts future changes.

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What are the main concepts in Trudgill's 'Dialects'?

The book 'Dialects' by Peter Trudgill explores the concept of language variation, dialectal features, and their relation to social factors. It also examines the impact of contact and communication on dialectal changes.

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What are the units of study in 'Dialects'?

The initial chapters of Trudgill's 'Dialects' mainly focus on the core concepts like language variation, dialects, and their social significance.

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Methods in Dialectology

Methods in Dialectology include collecting data through surveys, interviews, and analyzing language samples. This information is used to create dialect maps and understand the distribution of linguistic features.

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What is a dialect map?

A dialect map shows the geographical distribution of linguistic features, highlighting the variations in language across different regions. It's a visual tool used in dialectology to analyze language change and identify patterns.

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Ethnolect

A variety of language spoken by a particular ethnic group, often with unique vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar.

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Genderlect

A variety of language associated with a particular gender, often characterized by differences in vocabulary, pronunciation, and conversational style.

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Basilect

The most basic and least prestigious variety of a pidgin or creole language, often spoken by people with limited education or who are less fluent in the language.

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Mesolect

An intermediate variety of a pidgin or creole language, existing between the basilect and the acrolect.

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Accent

The way a person pronounces words, including features like intonation and rhythm. Often associated with geographic origin or social class.

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Dialectology

The study of regional dialects, focusing on how language varies across geographic areas and how it changes over time.

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Traditional Dialect

A regional dialect that has been passed down through generations and is often associated with rural areas and working class communities.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Dialectology

  • Course title: Suprasegmental Phonology of English and Dialectology II 2024
  • Topics covered: Language Variation, Language Varieties, Dialect, Accent, Dialectology, Assignment

Language Variation

  • Variability is a fundamental and inherent property of language
  • Language variation is present in producing sounds, processing linguistic signals (e.g. pitch, sounds, lexis, syntax, rhythm, fluency, style)
  • Variability helps to identify individuals, groups, countries etc
  • This also helps to understand the history and compare languages

Language Varieties

  • Language varieties are mutually intelligible variations of a language
  • Examples : Danish-Norwegian, Mandarin Chinese - Cantonese Chinese, American English, Australian English etc.
  • Language varieties are geographically specific and are called dialects

Dialect

  • Dialects are geographical variations of a language
  • All dialects are equally valid and different from Standard Dialect
  • Language attitudes towards specific dialects can be influenced by extralinguistic factors like social judgment or discrimination
  • Variation in dialect can be linked to social class, age, gender, occupation, educational level. Called Sociolects
  • Dialects have different syntactic and lexical systems compared to other dialects of the same language
  • Sociolects are dialects that are distinguished by social class, education, gender etc

Accent

  • Accent is a collection of segmental and suprasegmental characteristics that distinguish one accent from another in a language
  • Accent is used to distinguish a speaker's regional origin and social status
  • Accent is independent of the dialect's prestige , meaning both prestigious and non-prestigious dialects have an accent.
  • Accent identifies whether a person is a native speaker of a language

Dialectology

  • Dialectology is the systematic study of regional dialects. It emerged in the second half of the 19th century and is closely associated with historical linguistics, specifically regarding linguistic changes.
  • Dialectology is related to sociolinguistics
  • Sociolinguistics emerged in the mid-20th century and explores the impact of social factors on language usage.
  • Dialectology helps record data about disappearing dialects , maps dialect distribution and describes and compares different dialects of a language.
  • Dialectology helps to improve our understanding of linguistic change, explains linguistic phenomena such as innovation and diffusion and predicts how innovations or changes will spread

Assignment

  • Students will make a list of the main concepts discussed and illustrate with examples.
  • Students should discuss their list in class (next Tuesday/Thursday)

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Description

Test your knowledge on suprasegmental phonology and dialectology in this comprehensive quiz. Dive into topics like language variation, dialects, and their geographical significance. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of linguistic studies.

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