Questions and Answers
Language assessment involves obtaining evidence to inform inferences about a person's language-related ______.
knowledge, skills, or abilities
In the EFL classroom, language assessment also involves considering aspects such as ______ competence.
intercultural
A test must be ______ and reliable to ensure accurate assessment.
valid
Form criteria for language assessment include the use of ______ language.
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The content criteria for language assessment include the ______ of the student's response.
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Background information used in language assessment includes ______ performance of the student.
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Apart from critical reference standards, there are also ______ and social reference standards.
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Language assessment involves gathering evidence from ______ tasks that involve the use of language.
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One method of error correction is to ask ______ what was wrong and how to say it correctly.
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The teacher can use ______ to make the student aware of a mistake.
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Self-assessment is when learners reflect on their own ______ and act as assessors of it.
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Peer-assessment can result in ______ learner autonomy to improve the quality of learner's work.
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A portfolio can include different materials such as written ______, audio files, creative writing, etc.
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The teacher can correct the error ______ by repeating or reformulating what the student said.
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One method of error correction is to point out that there was a mistake so that the student can correct it ______.
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The teacher can choose not to correct the error in order to avoid the student's ______.
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Formative assessment typically occurs ______________________ a course or a unit of instruction.
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Assessment of Learning focuses on the ______________________ and products of learning only.
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The European Language Portfolio is based on the ______________________ and includes work samples, certificates and continuous self-assessment.
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Language Assessment Literacy includes the ability to ______________________ language tests.
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Summative assessment aims at ______________________ what a learner has learned, taking stock of their achievements.
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Formative assessment feeds back into teaching and learning, giving the teacher and the learner insights into ______________________ and weaknesses of the learner performance.
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Diagnostic assessment aims at identifying ______________________ and weaknesses of the learner to help them move on from their current level of learning.
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Assessment for Learning takes a ______________________-oriented perspective.
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Study Notes
Language Assessment
- Language assessment involves obtaining evidence to inform inferences about a person's language-related knowledge, skills, or abilities.
- Inferences are interpretations of performance tasks that involve the use of language.
Implications for the EFL Classroom
- Marks should be objective and valid (measuring what they are supposed to measure).
- Marks should be reliable (consistent in measurement and dependable).
Assessment Criteria
Form
- Adequate for the selected audience
- Fits the genre
- Length
- Understandable language
- Degree of correct orthography and grammar
- Variation in vocabulary
- Complex sentence structure
Content
- Response to the task
- Coherence
- Structure
- Originality and imagination
- Communicative success
Background Information
- Task instruction
- Learner group
- Previous performance of the student
- Preparation in the previous lesson
- Teacher's expectations
Reference Standards
- Critical reference standards
- Individual reference standards: comparing students to themselves
- Social reference standards: comparing students to the group of learners
Oral Error Correction
- Direct correction: interrupting and correcting the student directly
- Correction by classmates: asking other students to correct the mistake
- Self-correction: pointing out the mistake for the student to correct themselves
- No correction: avoiding correction to promote fluency
- Echoing: repeating or reformulating the student's statement to correct indirectly
- Correction via gestures or facial expressions: using body language to indicate a mistake
Other Forms of Assessment
Self- and Peer-Assessment
- Self-assessment: learners reflect on their own performance using criteria or checklists
- Raises learners' awareness and motivation
- Promotes autonomy
- Peer-assessment: learners evaluate each other's performances using criteria or checklists
- Enhances learner autonomy and collaboration
- Increases motivation
Portfolio
- A purposeful collection of students' work demonstrating efforts, progress, and achievements
- Includes various materials like written homework, audio files, and creative writing
- Allows for a broader evaluation basis, documenting learning process over time (formative assessment)
- Includes self-assessment and external evaluation, reflecting the individual learning process
Summative and Formative Assessment
Summative Assessment
- Typically occurs at the end of a course or unit
- Aims to summarize learner achievements
- Examples: classroom test, Abitur
Formative Assessment
- Most classroom-based assessment is formative in nature
- Aims to form learners' competencies during the assessment process
- Feeds back into teaching and learning, providing insights into strengths and weaknesses
Reflection
- Assessment and learning are inseparable in the foreign language classroom.
- Assessment ideally feeds back into teaching.
- Assessment can be for learning (process-oriented) or of learning (outcome-oriented).
- Language Assessment Literacy involves critically evaluating language tests and designing assessment procedures.
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Description
Learn about the definition and purposes of language assessment, including obtaining evidence to inform inferences about a person's language-related knowledge, skills, or abilities.
