Language Acquisition and Development

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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea of Skinner's proposal regarding language acquisition?

Language acquisition occurs through explicit grammar teaching

Language acquisition is solely dependent on the learner's speech habits

The child's language behavior is primarily influenced by their environment

The quality and quantity of language input shapes the child's language behavior (correct)

According to the Contrastive Hypothesis, the FL learner does not need to change their speech habits to produce target language structures.

False

What is the term used to describe the formation of wrong habits in language acquisition?

fossilization of errors

Behaviorism had a large impact on the ______________________ Method, which was prominent from the 1950s to the 1960s.

Audiolingual Signup and view all the answers

What does empirical evidence suggest about young children's language learning?

They select what they imitate from frequent and basic language patterns Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

Stimulus = Correct input Response = Repetition Positive reinforcement = Feedback Conditioning = Habit-formation Signup and view all the answers

According to behaviorism, explicit grammar teaching is beneficial for language acquisition.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the psychologist who proposed that the quality and quantity of language input shapes the child's language behavior?

Skinner Signup and view all the answers

Which activities do children enjoy?

Games and dressing up Signup and view all the answers

It is important to speak rapidly to young learners to keep their attention.

False Signup and view all the answers

What should you focus on when correcting errors in young learners?

Errors of meaning Signup and view all the answers

Children feel more comfortable when they know it is okay if they don't __________.

understand Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of interference with its description:

Negative interlingual = Mistakes due to L1-L2 differences Negative intralingual = Mistakes due to L2-L2 similarities Positive interlingual = No mistakes due to L1-L2 similarities Positive intralingual = No mistakes due to L2-L2 differences Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions are recommended to use with young learners?

Closed questions Signup and view all the answers

It is beneficial to provide multi-sensory input for children's learning.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a simple way to make meaning clearer when speaking to young learners?

Using gestures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the teaching method described?

Vocabulary Signup and view all the answers

The teaching method mentioned addresses both vocabulary and grammar equally.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of classes might students attend that focus primarily on vocabulary?

History class Signup and view all the answers

The teaching method described primarily focuses on __________.

vocabulary Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the teaching method with their description:

Vocabulary = The main focus of instruction Grammar = Not emphasized in instruction Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method would likely be ineffective for students expecting grammar lessons?

Task-based teaching Signup and view all the answers

The teaching method incorporates both vocabulary and grammar practice.

False Signup and view all the answers

Identify one outcome expected from a vocabulary-focused teaching method.

Increased vocabulary knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Students in a vocabulary-focused teaching environment may feel __________ if they expected grammar instruction.

disappointed Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method emphasizes learning through practical tasks?

Task based learning Signup and view all the answers

The silent way method encourages extensive student talk and minimal teacher intervention.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one method that integrates content learning with language learning.

Content language integrated learning or immersion Signup and view all the answers

The ____________________ method focuses on using physical movement to promote language acquisition.

Total physical response Signup and view all the answers

Match the following teaching methods with their main focuses:

Direct method = Using real-life situations for language learning Audio-lingualism = Repetition and drills to form habits Suggestopedia = Creating a relaxed and comfortable learning environment Communicative approach = Emphasizing interaction as the primary means of language learning Signup and view all the answers

Which method is known for its use of dialogs and listening exercises?

Audio-lingualism Signup and view all the answers

Community language learning focuses on grammar rules over communication.

False Signup and view all the answers

The ____________________ approach focuses primarily on fostering communicative skills rather than formal grammar instruction.

communicative Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for language input that is understood by students?

Comprehensible input Signup and view all the answers

Repetition is considered boring by most children.

False Signup and view all the answers

List two activities that children enjoy doing in a learning environment.

Games and stories Signup and view all the answers

Comprehensible input should be delivered at a pace that is __________ for students.

not too fast Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their relevant descriptions:

High quantity input = Provides many opportunities to use language High quality input = Offers relevance and clarity in learning Caretaker speech = Language used by adults when speaking to children Varying repetition = Engaging children through different methods of practice Signup and view all the answers

Why is comprehensible input important in language learning?

It allows students to understand and engage with content. Signup and view all the answers

Motherese involves more complex language structures.

False Signup and view all the answers

High-quality input focuses on __________ rather than solely on form.

meaning Signup and view all the answers

What effect does encouragement have on children's participation during lessons?

It motivates students to actively engage in their learning. Signup and view all the answers

How many times more do children talk compared to adults?

Study Notes

Behaviorism and Language Acquisition

Skinner emphasized the role of environmental factors, including language exposure and reinforcement, in shaping a child's language behavior.
The Contrastive Hypothesis highlights the need for learners to adapt their speech habits to acquire different language structures.
Educational methodologies based on behaviorism utilize correct input, repetition, and feedback to form accurate language habits and prevent fossilization of errors.

Audiolingual Method

Emerged prominently between the 1950s and 1960s, focusing on fluency and accuracy through pattern drills.
Considered explicit grammar teaching counterproductive to developing fluency.
Young children often imitate patterns rather than merely repeating, showing selective imitation of language input.

Comprehensible Input

Defined as language input that is understandable and relevant to the learner's level, aiding in effective language acquisition.
Teachers provide comprehensible input by using clear, slow speech and ensuring content matches learners' understanding.
Understanding this concept is crucial for engaging students and fostering participation.

Activities Enjoyed by Children

Children thrive on interactive and engaging activities such as songs, chants, games, and role play.
Multi-sensory input enhances learning experiences, allowing for engagement beyond verbal communication.
Varied repetitions and enrichment in vocabulary help keep children interested and motivated.

Effective Communication with Young Learners

Teachers should communicate at a suitable level, speaking slowly, articulating clearly, and maintaining eye contact to foster comfort and response.
Use gestures and visual aids, such as pictures, to clarify meaning and reinforce learning.
Providing extended time for storytelling enables deeper engagement with the material and promotes understanding.

Error Correction Strategies

Focus should be on meaning rather than form when correcting errors in young learners, employing indirect error correction techniques.
Understanding common mistakes made by learners, such as interlingual and intralingual errors, helps inform teaching strategies.

Questioning Techniques

Employ closed questions to facilitate comfort and comprehension among young learners, avoiding open-ended questions that may cause anxiety.
Effective questioning encourages learner participation and maintains engagement.

Common Challenges for Language Learners

Negative interlingual interference occurs when learners apply rules from their first language incorrectly in the second language.
Conversely, positive interference can aid language learning, demonstrating the complexities involved in the acquisition process.

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Description

This quiz explores the theories of language acquisition and development, including Skinner's proposal and the Contrastive Hypothesis. Test your knowledge on how language is shaped in children and FL learners.

Language Acquisition and Development

Podcast Beta

Questions and Answers

What is the main idea of Skinner's proposal regarding language acquisition?

According to the Contrastive Hypothesis, the FL learner does not need to change their speech habits to produce target language structures.

What is the term used to describe the formation of wrong habits in language acquisition?

Behaviorism had a large impact on the ______________________ Method, which was prominent from the 1950s to the 1960s.

What does empirical evidence suggest about young children's language learning?

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

According to behaviorism, explicit grammar teaching is beneficial for language acquisition.

What is the name of the psychologist who proposed that the quality and quantity of language input shapes the child's language behavior?

Which activities do children enjoy?

It is important to speak rapidly to young learners to keep their attention.

What should you focus on when correcting errors in young learners?

Children feel more comfortable when they know it is okay if they don't __________.

Match the type of interference with its description:

What type of questions are recommended to use with young learners?

It is beneficial to provide multi-sensory input for children's learning.

What is a simple way to make meaning clearer when speaking to young learners?

What is the primary focus of the teaching method described?

The teaching method mentioned addresses both vocabulary and grammar equally.

What type of classes might students attend that focus primarily on vocabulary?

The teaching method described primarily focuses on __________.

Match the following components of the teaching method with their description:

Which teaching method would likely be ineffective for students expecting grammar lessons?

The teaching method incorporates both vocabulary and grammar practice.

Identify one outcome expected from a vocabulary-focused teaching method.

Students in a vocabulary-focused teaching environment may feel __________ if they expected grammar instruction.

Which teaching method emphasizes learning through practical tasks?

The silent way method encourages extensive student talk and minimal teacher intervention.

Name one method that integrates content learning with language learning.

The ____________________ method focuses on using physical movement to promote language acquisition.

Match the following teaching methods with their main focuses:

Which method is known for its use of dialogs and listening exercises?

Community language learning focuses on grammar rules over communication.

The ____________________ approach focuses primarily on fostering communicative skills rather than formal grammar instruction.

What is the term for language input that is understood by students?

Repetition is considered boring by most children.

List two activities that children enjoy doing in a learning environment.

Comprehensible input should be delivered at a pace that is __________ for students.

Match the terms with their relevant descriptions:

Why is comprehensible input important in language learning?

Motherese involves more complex language structures.

High-quality input focuses on __________ rather than solely on form.

What effect does encouragement have on children's participation during lessons?

How many times more do children talk compared to adults?

Study Notes

Behaviorism and Language Acquisition

Audiolingual Method

Comprehensible Input

Activities Enjoyed by Children

Effective Communication with Young Learners

Error Correction Strategies

Questioning Techniques

Common Challenges for Language Learners

Studying That Suits You

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