Landmark Discoveries in Microbiology

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Questions and Answers

Which advancement is directly attributed to the introduction of solid media in bacterial culture?

  • The creation of vaccines against bacterial toxins.
  • The ability to perform antibiotic sensitivity testing on liquid cultures.
  • The development of methods for bacterial isolation in pure culture. (correct)
  • The identification of viruses through electron microscopy.

A researcher aims to study the motility of a newly discovered bacterium. Which method, developed in the early microbiology era, would be most suitable for this purpose?

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
  • Acid-fast staining
  • Gram staining technique
  • Hanging drop method (correct)

Which of the following contributions had the most direct impact on the diagnosis and differentiation of bacterial infections in clinical settings?

  • Description of Koch’s phenomenon
  • Development of the hanging drop method.
  • Introduction of staining techniques using aniline dyes. (correct)
  • Discovery of _Bacillus anthracis_.

A scientist observes a pronounced localized tissue reaction upon injecting a guinea pig with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This observation directly relates to which phenomenon?

<p>Koch’s phenomenon. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identifying the causative agent of which disease had the most immediate impact on improving sanitation and public health practices in densely populated urban areas during the 19th century?

<p>Cholera (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher intends to establish a pure culture of bacteria from a mixed sample. Which of the following techniques is most appropriate for this purpose?

<p>Employing solid media to isolate single colonies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using aniline dyes in microbiology?

<p>To enhance the visibility of microorganisms under the microscope. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is directly supported by the ability to isolate and culture individual bacterial colonies on solid media?

<p>The germ theory of disease. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A laboratory technician is tasked with quickly determining if a bacterial sample is motile. Which method would provide the most immediate and direct information?

<p>Preparing a hanging drop slide. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The discovery of which bacterial species had the most significant impact on the development of pasteurization techniques?

<p>None of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a researcher aims to differentiate between Mycobacterium species and other bacteria, which staining technique would be most appropriate?

<p>Acid-fast staining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which advancement contributed the most to understanding the pathogenesis of infectious diseases at the cellular level during the late 19th century?

<p>The development of methods for bacterial isolation in pure culture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the practical implication of Koch's phenomenon in the context of tuberculosis infection?

<p>It highlights the role of the host immune response in disease pathology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario is most likely to benefit directly from the use of solid media for bacterial culture?

<p>Isolating a specific bacterial species from a wound infection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A public health official is investigating a sudden outbreak of food poisoning. Which contribution would best assist in rapidly identifying the source of the outbreak?

<p>Pure culture isolation techniques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is more suitable for observing bacterial morphology and internal structures under high magnification?

<p>Aniline staining techniques (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did anilin dyes contribute to advancements in sterilization techniques?

<p>They did not directly contribute to sterilization techniques. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist would have been the least reliant on aniline staining?

<p>A scientist isolating pure cultures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the discovery of Bacillus anthracis significant in the history of microbiology?

<p>It was one of the first bacteria proven to cause a specific disease (anthrax). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the hanging drop method in microbiology?

<p>To observe bacterial motility in a natural state. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Koch's Solid Media

Solid media for bacterial culture.

Pure Culture Isolation

Techniques to isolate single bacterial species.

Hanging Drop Method

A method to observe bacterial movement under a microscope.

Koch's Discoveries

Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Vibrio cholerae.

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Aniline Staining

Using dyes to make bacteria more visible under a microscope.

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Koch’s phenomenon

Local tissue necrosis that occurs when the tubercle bacillus or its products are injected into a previously infected animal.

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Study Notes

  • Solid media for bacterial culture was introduced (suggested by Eilshemius Hesse)
  • Methods for bacterial isolation in pure culture were developed
  • The hanging drop method for motility testing was described
  • Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tuberculosis), and Vibrio cholerae (cholera) were discovered
  • Staining techniques using aniline dyes were introduced
  • Koch’s phenomenon (hypersensitivity reaction in tubercle-infected guinea pigs) was described

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