Lamprey Dissection Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the scientific name for the lamprey, also known as the vampire fish?

  • Gadus morhua
  • Petromyzon marinus (correct)
  • Squalus acanthias
  • Myxine glutinosa

    • In the context of a laboratory setting, during what course would a lamprey dissection most likely be performed?

  • BIO 415L (correct)
  • Chemistry 200
  • Physics 101
  • Calculus 301

    • Which of the following is a common nickname for the lamprey, indicative of its feeding habits?

  • The Ocean Cleaner
  • The Vampire Fish (correct)
  • The Sand Shark
  • The Filter Feeder

    • Whose name is expected to be associated with the presentation, pertaining to the lamprey dissection?

    <p>Dr. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is not a component of the content presented?

    <p>Instructor's name (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cyclostomes?

    <p>Presence of scales (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the velum in lampreys?

    <p>To pump water for respiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Agnatha' refer to?

    <p>Vertebrates lacking jaws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is considered a rudimentary vertebral precursor in cyclostomes?

    <p>Arcualia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a skeletal element found in lampreys?

    <p>Scales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of circulatory system do cyclostomes possess?

    <p>Single circulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How old is the oldest known fossil lamprey?

    <p>360 million years old (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT found in the internal anatomy of a lamprey?

    <p>Stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range in length of a lamprey?

    <p>10 cm to 1 m (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the mouth of a lamprey located?

    <p>Under the oral hood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do adult lampreys facilitate water movement over their gills?

    <p>Through tidal ventilation using pharyngeal slits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the annular cartilage in a lamprey?

    <p>Main skeletal element of the oral funnel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in lampreys supports the pharyngeal region?

    <p>The branchial basket (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lingual cartilage?

    <p>Support for the rasping tongue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the arcualia in lampreys?

    <p>Small cartilaginous structures dorsal to the notochord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pericardial cartilage?

    <p>Support for the heart in the pericardial cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the buccal papillae found on the oral funnel of a lamprey?

    <p>To serve as sensory structures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The teeth found within the oral disk of a lamprey are best described as:

    <p>Cornified epidermal derivatives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the single, median naris in lampreys?

    <p>To detect chemicals in the water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lateral line system in lampreys functions primarily to:

    <p>Sense vibrations in the water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the velum, located within the pharynx of a lamprey?

    <p>To isolate the respiratory tube from the mouth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The myomeres in a lamprey are composed of:

    <p>Longitudinal fibers extending between connective tissue partitions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do myomeres on opposite sides of the lamprey's body contribute to its movement?

    <p>They create a side-to-side swimming motion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fins do lampreys possess?

    <p>Three median fins and no paired fins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tongue in the context described?

    <p>To abrade the skin of prey for feeding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the buccal papillae primarily used for?

    <p>Sensory functions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the velum in the respiratory system?

    <p>To act as a respiratory valve, controlling water flow. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the folds located within the olfactory sac?

    <p>To increase the surface area for enhanced odor detection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct path of blood flow from the ventricle to the body in the organism described?

    <p>Ventricle &gt; ventral aorta &gt; afferent branchial arteries &gt; efferent branchial arteries &gt; dorsal aorta &gt; body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sinus venosus?

    <p>A tubular structure oriented dorsoventrally, located between the atrium and ventricle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the respiratory tube and the mouth?

    <p>They are isolated by a valve called the velum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the heart is described to occupy primarily the right side of the pericardial cavity?

    <p>The Ventricle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do gametes and excretory products exit the lamprey's body?

    <p>Through the urogenital pore. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the structure of the gonads in lampreys?

    <p>Single median structure, supported by a mesentery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes the ovary from the testis in a breeding lamprey?

    <p>The ovary contains numerous follicles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the exocrine pancreas tissue found within the lamprey?

    <p>Only in parts of the intestinal wall. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the typhlosole in the lamprey intestine?

    <p>To increase the absorptive surface area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description best characterizes the location of the lamprey's kidneys?

    <p>Long and thin, on either side of the middorsal line. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the archinephric duct primarily drain?

    <p>The kidney. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding the lamprey's pancreatic functions?

    <p>Pancreatic tissue is scattered and not grossly visible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lamprey Dissection

    • Petromyzon spp. are also known as Vampire Fish.
    • This is a BIO 415L presentation by Dr. Sarah Polekoff.

    Skeletal Elements

    • Chondrocranium includes cartilages partially enclosing brain and sense organs (nasal and otic capsules).
    • Anterior and posterior dorsal cartilages
    • Annular cartilage, a ring-like structure forming the oral funnel's main skeletal component.
    • Lingual cartilage supports the rasping tongue: extending ventrally from annular cartilage.
    • Nasal capsule and otic capsule are for sense of smell and sound respectively.

    Internal Anatomy

    • Liver, intestine, follicles, cloaca, and ovary.
    • Gonads, often visible first, are large during breeding.
    • Ovaries and testes are single median structures supported by mesenteries from the middorsal line, positioned dorsally to the liver and intestine

    External Structures

    • Eyes are laterally placed and covered by transparent skin.
    • Oral funnel forms a wide, sucking disc.
    • Buccal papillae are sensory structures on the funnel's margin.
    • Oral disc has numerous horny teeth (cornified epidermal derivatives), not homologous with vertebrate teeth.
    • Nary is single, median, mid-dorsally between the eyes
    • Lateral line pores (lateral line system): detecting water vibrations. One near eye and others between eye and oral funnel.
    • The pineal eye complex is a patch of skin immediately posterior to the naris, which functions as a photoreceptor
    • External pharyngeal slits subdivided pharynx
    • Velum isolates liquid diet from mouth.
    • Myomeres: segmented muscular blocks on the body's lateral/surface, flexing body laterally.
    • Fins: anterior and posterior dorsal and caudal fins.
    • Cloacal aperture: a shallow midventral depression where the intestine opens via a slit-like anus.

    Additional Information

    • Cyclostomes are jawless fishes (Agnatha); hagfish and lampreys.
    • Lack internal ossification, paired fins, scales and jaws.
    • Lampreys are parasitic (suction and rasping tongue on fish).
    • They have different types of ventilation.
    • Larval lampreys filter feed using gills.
    • Most adult lampreys are parasitic.
    • They use their tongues to rasp shallow wounds on fish, weakening them and not killing them.
    • Cyclostome lineage diverged from other vertebrates over 500 million years ago.
    • Oldest fossil lamprey is 360 million years old.
    • Lampreys have 50 species
    • Both freshwater and marine.
    • Free-living and parasitic species.
    • Size: 10 cm to 1 m in length

    Other Internal Structures

    • Kidney lies along the middorsal line and extends through much of the pleuroperitoneal cavity.
    • Archinephric duct drains the kidney.
    • No spleen.
    • Pancreatic tissue is scattered throughout the viscera along with exocrine pancreas in parts of the intestines.
    • Islet tissue (endocrine) occurs in the liver but is not visible grossly
    • Typhlosole (aka spiral valve), is within the intestine. It has numerous longitudinal folds in the interior surface.
    • Mesentery: Few small mesenteric sheets along the gut with blood vessels connected.
    • Heart lies in the pericardial cavity, and posterior to the respiratory tube.

    Specific Views

    • Sagittal view: cranial cartilage, tongue, and tongue contains horny teeth, velum (respiratory valve), buccal papillae

    • Transverse view: spinal cord, notochord, posterior cardinal vein, dorsal aorta, kidney, archinephric duct, ovary, and intestine.

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    Related Documents

    Lamprey Dissection PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on lampreys, also known as vampire fish, with this quiz focused on their anatomy, characteristics, and classification. It covers essential concepts related to cyclostomes and their significance in laboratory studies. Perfect for students interested in marine biology and vertebrate evolution.

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