Podcast
Questions and Answers
Garlic can enhance the flavor of breast milk, which may be enjoyed by some infants.
Garlic can enhance the flavor of breast milk, which may be enjoyed by some infants.
True (A)
Most lactating women need to take multivitamin-mineral supplements to obtain all the necessary nutrients.
Most lactating women need to take multivitamin-mineral supplements to obtain all the necessary nutrients.
False (B)
Infants who develop food allergy symptoms may find relief if the mother excludes cow's milk, eggs, fish, and peanuts from her diet.
Infants who develop food allergy symptoms may find relief if the mother excludes cow's milk, eggs, fish, and peanuts from her diet.
True (A)
A lactating mother should avoid eating any nutritious foods of her choice to prevent discomfort for the infant.
A lactating mother should avoid eating any nutritious foods of her choice to prevent discomfort for the infant.
Taking iron supplements while breastfeeding enhances the iron content in breast milk.
Taking iron supplements while breastfeeding enhances the iron content in breast milk.
If a mother suspects a specific food is causing discomfort to the infant, her physician may suggest a dietary challenge.
If a mother suspects a specific food is causing discomfort to the infant, her physician may suggest a dietary challenge.
A pregnant woman's food choices do not impact her infant's growth and development.
A pregnant woman's food choices do not impact her infant's growth and development.
Nutrient needs during pregnancy and lactation are lower than at any other time for most women.
Nutrient needs during pregnancy and lactation are lower than at any other time for most women.
Caloric intake during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy should be decreased to ensure appropriate weight gain.
Caloric intake during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy should be decreased to ensure appropriate weight gain.
There is a specific recommendation for carbohydrate intake in the Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes.
There is a specific recommendation for carbohydrate intake in the Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes.
Ample carbohydrates are necessary during pregnancy to fuel the maternal brain, not the fetal brain.
Ample carbohydrates are necessary during pregnancy to fuel the maternal brain, not the fetal brain.
Sufficient carbohydrate intake ensures that needed protein for growth will be broken down and used to make glucose.
Sufficient carbohydrate intake ensures that needed protein for growth will be broken down and used to make glucose.
If a mother takes the baby off the breast before he has finished, he may not get enough foremilk.
If a mother takes the baby off the breast before he has finished, he may not get enough foremilk.
If the baby pauses between sucks, it is recommended to take him off the breast to prevent overfeeding.
If the baby pauses between sucks, it is recommended to take him off the breast to prevent overfeeding.
A baby should be turned away enough to prevent eye contact with the mother during breastfeeding for better attachment.
A baby should be turned away enough to prevent eye contact with the mother during breastfeeding for better attachment.
Supporting a baby's whole body during breastfeeding is particularly important for older babies.
Supporting a baby's whole body during breastfeeding is particularly important for older babies.
The positioning of a baby during breastfeeding should allow proper attachment to the mother and hinder proper breathing.
The positioning of a baby during breastfeeding should allow proper attachment to the mother and hinder proper breathing.
Greating the mother and asking how breastfeeding is going are essential steps in helping a mother position her baby during breastfeeding.
Greating the mother and asking how breastfeeding is going are essential steps in helping a mother position her baby during breastfeeding.
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Study Notes
Nutrition for Lactating Women
- Drink a glass of milk, juice, or water at each meal and each time the infant nurses to stay hydrated
- A well-balanced diet can provide all the necessary nutrients, but some women may need iron supplements to refill depleted iron stores
Dietary Recommendations
- Foods with strong or spicy flavors, like garlic, can alter the flavor of breast milk and may annoy some infants
- Familiar flavors in breast milk can influence the infant's later food preferences
- Excluding common allergenic foods like cow's milk, eggs, fish, and peanuts from the diet may help infants with food allergy symptoms
Nutrition During Pregnancy
- A pregnant woman's food choices support both her health and her infant's growth and development
- Nutrient needs during pregnancy and lactation are higher than at any other time
- Careful food choices are necessary to meet the high nutrient demands of pregnancy
Dietary Characteristics
- Dietary intake varies according to the mother's nutritional status pre- and during pregnancy, and the trimester
- Caloric intake should be increased by an average of 300 kcal/day in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters to achieve an appropriate weight gain
Energy and Nutrient Requirements
- 1st Trimester: no additional kcal/day required
- 2nd Trimester: +300 kcal/day
- 3rd Trimester: +300 kcal/day
Carbohydrate Requirement
- No specific recommendation in the Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes (PDRI, 2015)
- At least 175 grams of carbohydrates per day are necessary to fuel the fetal brain and ensure sufficient protein for growth
Breastfeeding
- Proper positioning is crucial for successful breastfeeding
- Four key points of positioning:
- Baby's head and body in line
- Baby held close to the mother's body
- Baby's whole body supported
- Baby approaches breast, nose to nipple
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