Laboratory Safety and Fire Prevention Quiz
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Laboratory Safety and Fire Prevention Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What must a student do before being allowed to work in a chemical laboratory?

  • Attend a first aid seminar
  • Submit a health certificate
  • Sign the safety rules instruction journal (correct)
  • Complete a practical exam

    • Which of the following is NOT a fire prevention requirement in a chemical laboratory?

  • Smoking is permitted anywhere in the lab (correct)
  • Coordinate actions during fire danger
  • Students must be aware of main fire elimination measures
  • Avoid actions favorable to fire conditions

    • Which electrical safety requirement must be followed in the laboratory?

  • Electrical devices must be grounded if required (correct)
  • Use any available socket for multiple devices
  • Devices do not need to be switched off during repairs
  • Defect sockets can be used if they function temporarily

    • What should be done if broken laboratory equipment is encountered?

    <p>Report to a laboratory worker immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario is a student permitted to work in the laboratory?

    <p>If they are familiar with safety rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should gas valves be closed?

    <p>If gas flow is noticed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major requirement regarding the use of electrical devices?

    <p>They should only be used according to the manufacturer's instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a defect is noticed in the gas, water supply, or electrical systems?

    <p>Report it to a laboratory worker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if an accident occurs in the laboratory?

    <p>Help the injured and call emergency services if needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum amount of flammable solutions allowed in the laboratory?

    <p>3 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct labeling requirement for packages containing chemical reagents?

    <p>Label must show the name of the substance and its purity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should respiratory masks and safety glasses be used?

    <p>When in the absence of a fume hood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked by the last person leaving the laboratory?

    <p>That all electrical and gas devices are switched off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should flammable substances be handled with heating devices?

    <p>Heat them carefully using a closed electrical cooker or water bath.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which items must be present in every laboratory for personal safety?

    <p>First aid medicaments, sand box, woolen blanket, resin gloves, and safety glasses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done before starting laboratory work?

    <p>Ensure all laboratory robes are clean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you use to smear the drill when corking gum?

    <p>Glycerol or Vaseline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate action if you accidentally spill concentrated sulfuric acid on yourself?

    <p>Wash, then neutralize after cleaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which solution should be used to neutralize spilled alkaline solutions on skin?

    <p>Acetic acid or boric acid solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately if a chemical reagent gets into the mouth?

    <p>Rinse mouth with water and neutralizing solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is recommended in case of a cut with glass?

    <p>Remove glass fragments and treat with iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precaution should be taken regarding notes in the laboratory?

    <p>Keep notes in drawer to avoid contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a person is intoxicated with chlorine, which action must NOT be performed?

    <p>Stay in the contaminated area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do before entering the laboratory?

    <p>Put on laboratory coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct method for diluting sulfuric acid?

    <p>Pour sulfuric acid into water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if small amounts of acids or alkaline solutions are poured down the sink?

    <p>Immediately flush with large amounts of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to use a clean pipette or paddle when handling reagents?

    <p>To prevent contamination of reagents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential danger of tasting a reagent in the laboratory?

    <p>Reagents can be poisonous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding the storage of alkaline solutions?

    <p>Alkaline solutions cannot be kept in dishes with polished corks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of substances should be mixed by shaking the tube instead of finger-inverting?

    <p>All types of solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with remains of expensive reagents like silver?

    <p>Pour them into special disposal dishes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should one properly use a gum pump in the laboratory?

    <p>To handle reagents without direct contact to skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a toxic gas?

    <p>Chlorine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is categorized under aggressive materials (AM)?

    <p>Calcium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of material is Acetic acid classified as?

    <p>Aggressive material (AM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs an alkali with a flammable gas?

    <p>Potassium hydroxide and Butane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classifications does not belong to Hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Flammable liquid (FL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct classification for Sodium alkali?

    <p>Aggressive material (AM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is classified as a flammable liquid?

    <p>Petrol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these materials is characterized as material for first aid (FA)?

    <p>Boric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    ### Laboratory Access and Safety Rules

    • Only individuals trained in safety protocols and first aid are permitted in the chemical lab.
    • Students must be tested on their knowledge of laboratory safety rules.
    • Individuals must sign a safety rules instruction journal after training.
    • Students are required to follow established lab procedures, prioritize personal and colleague safety, and uphold the instructions provided.
    • Students cannot use faulty equipment and must report defects to instructors.
    • Individuals under the influence of alcohol or drugs cannot work in the lab.
    • All laboratory activities must be conducted only if gas, electricity, and fume hood systems are functioning correctly.

    ### Fire Prevention

    • Actions that could create favorable conditions for fire must be avoided.
    • Knowledge of basic fire suppression techniques is required.
    • Students must coordinate actions in the event of a fire.
    • Smoking is only allowed in designated areas.

    ### Electrical Safety

    • Electrical devices must be operated according to manufacturer instructions.
    • Avoid defective outlets, plugs, switches, and equipment.
    • Electrical devices require grounding if outlined in usage instructions.
    • If current flow is detected outside the circuit, the electrical device must be switched off immediately.
    • Connecting multiple high-power devices to one outlet is prohibited if their current demand could exceed the capacity of the installation cables.
    • Electrical distribution boards must be locked.
    • It is forbidden to repair appliances connected to the electrical circuit.
    • Voltage up to 36 volts is considered safe for humans.

    ### Laboratory Equipment and Maintenance

    • Use laboratory equipment, glassware, and devices with caution after proper training.
    • Report any broken equipment to the lab worker immediately.
    • Laboratory assistants must inspect device connections before use.
    • Report any defects in gas, water, drainage, or electrical systems promptly.
    • In case of a gas leak, close the gas valve and do not switch on any appliances that could ignite flames or sparks.
    • Before leaving the lab, ensure all electrical and gas devices are switched off and no water or gas flow is present. The last person leaving the lab is responsible for this.

    ### Safety Equipment and Emergency Procedures

    • Each lab must contain: first aid kit, sand box for fire extinguishers, woolen blanket, resin gloves and shoes, resin carpet for isolation, and safety glasses.
    • In case of an accident, administer first aid to the injured person and contact emergency services (112) if necessary.
    • Report the accident to the lab leader and do not alter the accident location unless it poses danger to people. Any necessary changes must be recorded in an accident report.

    ### Personal Hygiene and Safety Practices

    • Wear clean laboratory coats while working.
    • Wash hands before and after work using warm water and soap, and utilize disinfecting and neutralizing agents.
    • Food is prohibited in the lab workspace. Eating is only allowed in designated areas.

    ### Handling Reagents and Devices

    • Flammable solutions should be stored in heavy glass containers with polished corks. These containers should be kept in metal boxes lined with asbestos.
    • It is prohibited to store more than 3 liters of flammable solution in the lab.
    • Only one gas cylinder is allowed in the lab at a time.
    • The remaining pressure in a gas cylinder after use must be at least 0.5 kg/cm².
    • Bromine, phosphorus, alkali metals, and concentrated acids must be stored securely in a fire-safe location.
    • All chemical reagent containers should be labeled with the substance name and purity.

    ### Working with Hazardous Substances

    • Experiments involving strong-smelling, explosive, volatile, or hazardous substances must be conducted in a fume hood with the protective glass lowered.
    • Protective masks and safety glasses should be worn when handling dusty, strong-smelling, or hazardous materials outside of the fume hood.
    • The person responsible for preparing a new experiment or laboratory activity is also responsible for its safety.
    • Flammable substances and heating devices must be handled with extreme caution. Ether (C2H5-O-C2H5), ethanol (C2H5-OH), and petrol (Cs-C9) should not be heated with an open flame or an open electrical heater. Heat them carefully using a closed electrical heater or a water bath.
    • Fires involving flammable, water-insoluble substances, or active metals should be extinguished with sand. Water should not be used to extinguish these fires.
    • Burning robes or other surfaces should be extinguished by wrapping them in a woolen blanket.

    ### Performing Chemical Experiments

    • Only use the exact amount of substances specified in the lab work instructions.
    • If the amount of reagents is not specified, do not weigh or measure, but the amount of reagents should not exceed half of the tube or reaction vessel volume.
    • If the acid or alkaline solution concentration is not specified, use diluted reagents.
    • After use, replace the corks on reagent containers and return them to their designated places.
    • Use clean pipettes or paddles to prevent reagent contamination.
    • Unused reagents should not be poured back into their containers.
    • When diluting sulfuric acid, always pour the acid into water, never the other way around.
    • Solutions should be mixed by shaking the tube, not by closing it with your finger and inverting it.
    • After use, concentrated acids, concentrated alkaline solutions, strong-smelling, or aggressive reagents should be poured into specialized disposal containers, not down the drain. Neutralize these substances before disposal (neutralize acids with calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 or calcium carbonate CaCO3, and alkaline solutions with acids).
    • In cases where small amounts of acids, alkaline solutions, strong-smelling, or aggressive reagents are poured into a sink, a large amount of water must be poured at the same time.
    • Silver (Ag) and other expensive reagents should be disposed of in special containers.
    • When heating solutions, direct the open end of the tube away from people.
    • Avoid accidentally drawing solutions into your mouth when using pipettes.
    • Never draw concentrated acids or alkaline solutions into your mouth. Use a rubber bulb pump.
    • Never taste reagents to investigate their properties. All reagents are poisonous!
    • Smell volatile substances with caution by wafting the air towards you with your hand.
    • Never use laboratory glassware for eating, drinking, or storing food products.
    • Do not use dirty glassware for chemical experiments. Wash glassware immediately after use.
    • Alkaline solutions should not be stored in containers with polished corks.
    • To attach rubber tubing to glass tubing, moisten the glass tubing with water or apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly or glycerol (C3H5(OH)3). Hold the glass tubing with a towel while attaching.
    • Cut rubber tubing with a sharp knife moistened with water or smeared with glycerol. When drilling rubber corks, smear the drill with petroleum jelly or glycerol.
    • When corking a container, hold the container near the opening.
    • When pouring liquids from a bottle, keep the label facing upward to prevent staining.
    • Keep the workspace clean and immediately clean up spills.
    • Store lab notebooks in a drawer to avoid contamination with chemical reagents.

    ### Emergency Procedures

    • In all cases of poisoning, injury, or fire, immediately inform department staff and call emergency services (112).
    • For glass cuts, remove the glass fragments from the wound, treat the wound with iodine, and bandage the wound.
    • If acid is spilled on yourself, wash the affected area with plenty of water and neutralize with a 1-3% baking soda (NaHCO3) solution.
    • If concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is spilled on yourself, clean the affected area with paper or cloth. Then wash it and neutralize it.
    • If an alkaline solution is spilled on yourself, wash the affected area with plenty of water and neutralize it with an acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution or a saturated boric acid (H3BO3) solution.
    • If a reagent accidentally enters your mouth, spit it out immediately. Rinse your mouth with water and neutralizing solutions (baking soda, boric acid, or acetic acid).
    • Wash burned skin immediately with cold water and bandage the wound.
    • If exposed to chlorine (Cl2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), or other substances via the respiratory tract, move the patient to fresh air, give them ammonia to smell, and apply a cold compress to their neck or chest. If necessary, administer artificial respiration and cardiac massage.
    • If bromine (Br2) comes into contact with your skin, wash the affected area with ethanol or petrol, smear with glycerol, and bandage the wound.
    • First aid equipment is located in the laboratory's first aid kit.

    ### Appendix: Main Materials of Chemical Laboratory

    Title Formula Type *
    Acetone CH3COCH3 FL
    Acetic acid CH3COOH
    Ammonia NH3 FA
    Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
    Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4
    Carbon dioxide CO2
    Carbon monoxide CO TG
    Carbonic acid H2CO3
    Nitric acid HNO3 AM
    Barium alkali (hydroxide) Ba(OH)2 AM
    Petrol C6H14...C10H22 FL
    Borax Na2B4O7 * 10H2O
    Boric acid H3BO3 FA
    Butane C4H10 FG
    Chlorine Cl2 TG
    Hydrochloric acid HCl AM
    Ethane C2H6 FG
    Ether C2H5OC2H5 FL
    Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH
    Ortho-phosphoric acid H3PO4 AM
    Phosgene COCl2 TG
    Glycerol C3H5(OH)3 FA
    Iodine I2 FA
    Calcium hydroxide (slacked lime) Ca(OH)2 AM
    Calcium carbonate (chalk, limestone) CaCO3
    Calcium oxide (burnt lime) CaO AM
    Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7
    Potassium carbonate (potash) K2CO3
    Potassium permanganate KMnO4 FA
    Potassium alkali KOH AM
    Crystal soda Na2CO3 * 10H2O
    Methane CH4 FG
    Sodium chloride (white salt) NaCl
    Sodium alkali NaOH AM
    Sodium hydrocarbonate (baking soda) NaHCO3 FA
    Propane C3H8 FG
    Sulfuric acid H2SO4 AM
    Hydrosulfide H2S TG
    Soda Na2CO3 AM
    • Abbreviations: AM - aggressive materials FA - materials for the first medical aid FG - flammable gas TG - toxic gas FL - flammable liquids

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of laboratory access, safety rules, and fire prevention measures. This quiz covers essential protocols for operating in a chemical lab safely. Ensure you are familiar with the key concepts that protect you and your colleagues in a laboratory environment.

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