Laboratory Reference Intervals Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the conventional unit reference interval for Amylase?

  • 0.57 to 1.2 µkat/L
  • 10–80 mcg/dL
  • 60–120 Somogyi units/dL (correct)
  • 4-36 U/L

What does the aPTT range indicate for patients receiving anticoagulant therapy?

  • Should not exceed 80 mcg/dL
  • Should be between 4-36 U/L
  • Should be 1.5–2.5 times the control value (correct)
  • Should be below 30 sec

What is the normal reference interval for Total Bilirubin?

  • 0.2 - 0.8 mg/dL
  • 0.3 - 1.0 mg/dL (correct)
  • 10–80 mcg/dL
  • 3.5 - 5.0 g/dL

Which test has a reference interval of 3.5 - 5.0 g/dL?

<p>Albumin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the action taken when bacteremia is suspected?

<p>Start antibiotics immediately after obtaining blood cultures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for arterial pH?

<p>7.35 - 7.45 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bicarbonate (HCO3) normal range in mEq/L?

<p>21 - 28 mEq/L (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak therapeutic range for Vancomycin?

<p>20 - 40 mcg/mL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?

<p>10 - 20 mg/dL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of Phenobarbital is considered dangerous?

<blockquote> <p>40 mcg/mL (A)</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold level for toxic salicylate levels?

<blockquote> <p>300 mcg/mL (A)</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for calcium levels in mg/dL?

<p>9.0 - 10.5 mg/dL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reference interval for Ammonia in mcg/dL?

<p>10–80 mcg/dL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the conventional unit reference interval for albumin?

<p>3.5-5.0 g/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reference interval for direct bilirubin in mg/dL?

<p>0.1 - 0.3 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that a blood culture result is negative?

<p>No growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reference interval for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in U/L?

<p>0-35 U/L (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal venous pH range?

<p>7.31-7.41 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for arterial PCO2 levels?

<p>35-45 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be considered a peak level for Tobramycin?

<p>5-10 mcg/mL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what level is Valproic Acid considered toxic?

<blockquote> <p>100 mcg/mL (C)</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reference range for Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in nonsmokers?

<p>0.01 𝛍𝛍mol/24 hr (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for Phenobarbital levels?

<p>10 - 30 mcg/mL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard Bicarbonate (HCO3) range in mmol/L?

<p>21-28 mmol/L (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable range for arterial PO2 values?

<p>80-100 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)

A blood test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot. Used to monitor patients on blood thinners.

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

An enzyme found in the liver that helps break down proteins. Elevated levels may indicate liver damage.

Albumin

A protein made by the liver that helps keep fluid from leaking out of blood vessels. Lower levels may indicate liver damage.

Ammonia

A waste product produced by the breakdown of proteins. High levels may indicate liver problems.

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Amylase

An enzyme found in the pancreas that helps break down starches. High levels may indicate pancreatitis.

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What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

The normal range of arterial blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45. An imbalance in pH can indicate a medical condition.

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What is the normal range for venous blood pH?

The normal range of venous blood pH is between 7.31 and 7.41. Venous pH is generally slightly lower than arterial pH due to the uptake of CO2.

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What is the normal range for PCO2 in arterial blood?

The normal range of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) in arterial blood is between 35 and 45 mm Hg.

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What is the normal range for PO2 in arterial blood?

The normal range of partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in arterial blood is between 80 and 100 mm Hg.

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What is the normal range for PvO2 in venous blood?

The normal range of partial pressure of oxygen (PvO2) in venous blood is between 40 and 50 mm Hg.

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What is the normal range for bicarbonate (HCO3) in blood?

The normal range of bicarbonate (HCO3) in blood is between 21 and 28 mEq/L (or mmol/L). Bicarbonate plays a critical role in maintaining pH balance.

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What is the normal range for blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?

The normal range for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is between 10 and 20 mg/dL (or 3.6 to 7.1 mmol/L). BUN is a measure of waste products in the blood.

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What is the normal range for Calcium in blood?

The normal range for Calcium in blood is between 9 and 10.5 mg/dL (or 2.25 to 2.75 mmol/L). Calcium is essential for bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission.

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What is Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)?

A blood test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot. It's used to monitor patients receiving blood-thinning medications. Normal range is between 30-40 seconds.

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What is Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)?

An enzyme found mainly in the liver that plays a role in protein breakdown. Elevated levels can indicate liver damage. Normal range is 4-36 U/L.

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What is Albumin?

A protein made by the liver, responsible for maintaining fluid balance in the blood. Low levels can indicate liver problems. Normal range is 3.5-5.0 g/dL.

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What is Ammonia?

A waste product formed during protein breakdown, too much can indicate liver problems. Normal range is 10-80 mcg/dL.

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What is Amylase?

An enzyme found in the pancreas, involved in starch breakdown. High levels can indicate pancreatitis. Normal range is 60-120 Somogyi units/dL.

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Study Notes

Laboratory Reference Intervals

  • Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT):
    • 30-40 seconds (30-40 seconds)
    • For patients on anticoagulant therapy, aPTT is 1.5-2.5 times the control value in seconds.
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT):
    • 4-36 U/L (4-36 U/L)
  • Albumin:
    • 3.5-5.0 g/dL (35-50 g/L)
  • Ammonia:
    • 10-80 mcg/dL (6–47 mcmol/L)
  • Amylase:
    • 60-120 Somogyi units/dL (0.57 to 1.2 μkat/L)
  • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST):
    • 0-35 U/L (0-35 U/L)
  • Bilirubin (Total):
    • 0.3 - 1.0 mg/dL (5.1 - 17 mcmol/L)
  • Bilirubin (Indirect):
    • 0.2 - 0.8 mg/dL (3.4 - 12 mcmol/L)
  • Bilirubin (Direct):
    • 0.1 - 0.3 mg/dL (1.7 - 5.1 mcmol/L)

Additional Information (Page 2)

  • Blood Culture:
    • No growth = negative
    • Bacteremia: bacteria in blood; antibiotics should be started immediately after blood culture collection.
  • Blood Gases:
    • Arterial pH: 7.35-7.45
    • Venous pH: 7.31-7.41
    • PCO2: 35-45 mm Hg
    • PO2: 80-100 mm Hg
    • Venous PvO2: 40-50 mm Hg
    • Bicarbonate (HCO3): 21-28 mEq/L (21-28 mmol/L)
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN):
    • 10 - 20 mg/dL (3.6 - 7.1 mmol/L)

Additional Information (Page 3)

  • Chloride:
    • 98-106 mEq/L (98-106 mmol/L)
  • Cholesterol:
    • <200 mg/dL (<5 mmol/L), age-dependent
  • Creatine Kinase (CK):
    • Male: 55-170 U/L (55-170 U/L)
    • Female: 30-135 U/L (30-135 U/L)
  • CK-MB:
    • Male: 2 - 6 ng/mL (2 - 6 mcg/L)
    • Female: 2 -5 ng/mL (2 - 5 mcg/L)
  • Creatinine:
    • Male: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL (53-106 mcmol/L)
    • Female: 0.5-1.1 mg/dL (44-97 mcmol/L)
  • Creatinine Clearance: Values vary by age, sex, and other factors.

Additional Information (Page 4)

  • D-dimer:
    • <0.50 mg/L of fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU)
  • ESR (Westergren):
    • Male: ≤15 mm/hr
    • Female: ≤20 mm/hr
  • Ferritin:
    • Male: 12-300 ng/mL (12-300 mcg/L)
    • Female: 10-150 ng/mL (10-150 mcg/L)
  • Fibrinogen:
    • 200-400 mg/dL (2-4 g/dL)
  • Glucose (fasting adult):
    • 70-99 mg/dL (3.9-5.5 mmol/L), fasting
  • Glucose (infant):
    • 40-90 mg/dL (2.2-5.0 mmol/L)
  • GFR:

    • 60 mL/min/1.73 m² (age-dependent)

  • HDL:

    • 60 mg/dL (>1.55 mmol/L)

  • Hematocrit: Values vary by sex and pregnancy status.

Additional Information (Page 5)

  • Hemoglobin:
    • Male: 14-18 g/dL (140-180 g/L)
    • Female: 12-16 g/dL (120-160 g/L)
  • HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin):
    • <6% (adults without diabetes)
    • Good diabetic control <7%
  • Homocysteine: Levels depend on gender and age.
  • INR:
    • 0.81-1.2 (0.81-1.2)
  • Lactic Acid:
    • Venous: 5-20 mg/dL (0.6–2.2 mmol/L)
    • Arterial: 3-7 mg/dL (0.3 - 0.8 mmol/L)
  • LDH:
    • 100-190 U/L (100-190 units/L) (adult)
    • Other age-specific values exist.
  • LDL:
    • <100 mg/dL (<2.59 mmol/L)
  • Lipase:
    • 0-160 U/L (0-160 U/L)
  • Magnesium:
    • 1.8-2.6 mg/dL (0.74-1.07 mmol/L)
  • Myoglobin:
    • <90 ng/mL (1.0-5.3 nmol/L)
  • MCV:
    • Adult/elderly/child: 80-95 fL
    • Newborn: 96-108 fL

... (rest of the updated study notes)

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Common Laboratory Reference Intervals January 2024 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on laboratory reference intervals, including values for aPTT, ALT, and bilirubin. This quiz will challenge your understanding of important laboratory tests and their clinical significance. Ideal for medical students and healthcare professionals.

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