Questions and Answers
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin (Hgb) levels in adults?
Which of the following is not a part of the specimen collection role of the nurse?
Why is it important to report critical test results immediately to a provider?
What is the reference range for White Blood Cell Count (WBC)?
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What is the purpose of patient education prior to specimen collection?
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What is the reference range for Platelet Count?
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Which of the following components is NOT included in a Complete Blood Count (CBC)?
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What is the purpose of hand hygiene during specimen collection?
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What is the reference range for Potassium in mEq/L?
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Which blood component has a reference range of 0-1%?
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What is the critical value range for INR in patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy?
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What is the reference range for Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) in mg/dL?
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What is the reference range for Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT/aPTT) in seconds?
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Which component is monitored in heparin therapy with a reference range of 58-99 seconds?
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Which of the following components in a Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP) does not measure electrolytes?
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What is the reference range for sodium in mEq/L?
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Study Notes
Learning Objectives
- Ability to describe commonly ordered laboratory and imaging studies
- Knowledge of normal reference values for these studies
- Understanding of critical test results and the importance of immediate reporting
Role of the Nurse
-
Specimen Collection:
- Verify orders, ensure accurate patient identification, and educate patients
- Practice proper hand hygiene during sample collection
- Label samples at the bedside to prevent errors
- Transport collected samples to the laboratory
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Imaging Studies:
- Confirm orders and patient identification
- Prepare patients as necessary for tests
- Monitor patients post-examination as required
Laboratory Studies
- Blood Studies Overview:
- Commonly performed laboratory tests include Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Components and Reference Values:
- WBC Count: 5,000-10,000 mm³
- Hemoglobin (Hgb): 12-18 g/dL
- Hematocrit (Hct): 40-50%
- RBC Count: 4.2-5.9 million mm³
- Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV): 80-94 fl
- Mean Corpuscular Hgb (MCH): 27-32 pg
- Mean Corpuscular Hgb Concentration (MCHC): 33-38%
- Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW): 11.5-15.0%
- Platelet Count: 100,000-400,000 mm³
Differential Count
- Neutrophils: 36-71%
- Lymphocytes: 20-50%
- Monocytes: 6-13%
- Eosinophils: 0-6%
- Basophils: 0-1%
- Band Forms: 0-1%
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
- Components and Reference Ranges:
- Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L
- Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
- Calcium: 4.5-5.1 mg/dL
- Chloride: 97-107 mEq/L
- CO2: 22-34 mmol/L
- Glucose: 60-100 mg/dL
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 8.0-20 mg/dL
- Creatinine: 0.7-1.4 mg/dL
Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP)
- Contains 14 components, including those in the BMP
Coagulation Studies
- Prothrombin Time (PT): Reference range 10-13.1 seconds
- International Normalized Ratio (INR):
- Normal range 0.88-1.16
- 2.0-3.0 for patients on anticoagulant therapy
- 2.5-3.5 for patients with mechanical heart valves
- Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT/aPTT): Reference range 27.5-37.4 seconds; Heparin therapy monitoring reference range 58-99 seconds
Blood Cultures
- Important to collect the first sample, followed by additional samples 15 minutes apart
Critical Values
- Certain laboratory results require immediate action and should be reported without delay to ensure appropriate patient care
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Description
This quiz focuses on the essential laboratory and imaging studies typically ordered in clinical practice. It covers reference values, critical test results, and the role of nurses in specimen collection. Test your knowledge and understanding of these vital concepts in healthcare.
