Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes the active phase of labor?
What characterizes the active phase of labor?
Which of the following describes a typical maternal characteristic during the latent phase of labor?
Which of the following describes a typical maternal characteristic during the latent phase of labor?
What is the primary focus of the five P's of labor?
What is the primary focus of the five P's of labor?
What indicates a potential issue immediately after the rupture of membranes?
What indicates a potential issue immediately after the rupture of membranes?
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During which stage of labor does cervical dilation occur from 6 cm to 10 cm?
During which stage of labor does cervical dilation occur from 6 cm to 10 cm?
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What is a common physiological change experienced before labor begins?
What is a common physiological change experienced before labor begins?
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What does the amniotic fluid typically look like when healthy?
What does the amniotic fluid typically look like when healthy?
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What is typically observed in contractions during the transition phase of labor?
What is typically observed in contractions during the transition phase of labor?
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What is a common maternal characteristic during the transition phase of labor?
What is a common maternal characteristic during the transition phase of labor?
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Which of the following describes the second stage of labor?
Which of the following describes the second stage of labor?
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What is one of the presentations that can occur during the delivery of the placenta?
What is one of the presentations that can occur during the delivery of the placenta?
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Which of the following describes the 'lie' of a fetus in labor?
Which of the following describes the 'lie' of a fetus in labor?
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What key characteristic might a mother exhibit during the complete dilation phase of labor?
What key characteristic might a mother exhibit during the complete dilation phase of labor?
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Which element is NOT one of the Five P's of Labor?
Which element is NOT one of the Five P's of Labor?
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What is typically experienced during the fourth stage of labor?
What is typically experienced during the fourth stage of labor?
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In terms of fetal position, what does it mean when a fetus is described as being in the left occipito-anterior position?
In terms of fetal position, what does it mean when a fetus is described as being in the left occipito-anterior position?
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What is the primary characteristic of the contraction during the active phase of labor?
What is the primary characteristic of the contraction during the active phase of labor?
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Which of the following factors most impacts maternal positioning during the second stage of labor?
Which of the following factors most impacts maternal positioning during the second stage of labor?
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What commonly occurs during the transition phase of labor?
What commonly occurs during the transition phase of labor?
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Which parameter is NOT a characteristic of true labor?
Which parameter is NOT a characteristic of true labor?
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During the first stage of labor, which process must occur for successful childbirth?
During the first stage of labor, which process must occur for successful childbirth?
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What role does gravity play during labor?
What role does gravity play during labor?
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Which symptom indicates a woman is experiencing true labor as opposed to false labor?
Which symptom indicates a woman is experiencing true labor as opposed to false labor?
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What is the primary focus of nursing care during the pre-procedure phase of labor?
What is the primary focus of nursing care during the pre-procedure phase of labor?
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Study Notes
Labor and Delivery Process
- Labor and delivery process: Assessment of mother, fetus, and the family
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Premonitory signs (Physiological changes before labor):
- Back pain (constant, low, dull backache caused by pelvic muscle relaxation)
- Weight loss (1-3.5 lbs)
- Lightening (fetal head descends into the true pelvis about 14 days before labor)
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Contractions:
- Irregular uterine contractions (Braxton Hicks) that progress in strength and regularity
- Increased vaginal discharge or bloody show
- Energy bursts (nesting)
- Gastrointestinal changes (less common; nausea and vomiting, indigestion)
- Cervical ripening (soft, opens, and partially effaced; can begin to dilate)
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Rupture of membranes:
- Labor often occurs within 24 hours of rupture
- Prolonged rupture (>24 hours) can lead to infection
- Assess fetal heart rate (FHR) for decelerations after rupture to rule out cord prolapse
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Monitoring during labor:
- Assess amniotic fluid (watery, clear, slightly yellow tinge; 700-1000 mL) for presence; check pH (6.5-7.5, alkaline) to confirm amniotic fluid
- Monitor physiological factors, progress of labor, and cultural considerations
- Amniotic fluid is alkaline (pH 6.5 to 7.5) while urine is slightly acidic.
First Stage of Labor
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Latent phase (0-5 cm):
- Contractions are irregular, mild to moderate
- Frequency: 5 to 30 minutes
Second Stage of Labor
- Full dilation
- Pushing and fetal descent (estimated 30-60 minutes).
- Birth of the newborn.
- Note the maternal characteristics during this time.
Third Stage of Labor
- Delivery of the placenta.
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Maternal characteristics:
- Placental separation and expulsion (Schultze presentation: shiny fetal surface first; Duncan presentation: dull maternal surface first).
Fourth Stage of Labor
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Post-procedure:
- Fundal assessment and massage
- Lochia assessment (vaginal bleeding, assess every 15 minutes for the first hour)
- Continue to monitor vital signs and fetal heart rate
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Description
Explore the stages of labor and delivery in this quiz. Learn about premonitory signs, contractions, and the importance of monitoring both mother and fetus during this crucial time. Test your knowledge of the physiological and emotional aspects involved in labor.
