Podcast
Questions and Answers
Normal range for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is between 23-29 ______/L.
Normal range for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is between 23-29 ______/L.
mEq
High levels of Carbon Dioxide can put the body in ______.
High levels of Carbon Dioxide can put the body in ______.
Acidosis
A low WBC count is termed ______.
A low WBC count is termed ______.
Leukopenia
The normal temperature range for a human body is approximately ______ °C.
The normal temperature range for a human body is approximately ______ °C.
Anemia and renal failure can lead to a ______ acid-base balance.
Anemia and renal failure can lead to a ______ acid-base balance.
Bicarbonate pushes the body into an ______ state.
Bicarbonate pushes the body into an ______ state.
The normal range for BUN is between 10-20; values over 20 usually indicate ______.
The normal range for BUN is between 10-20; values over 20 usually indicate ______.
A normal CD4 count is considered to be ______ 200.
A normal CD4 count is considered to be ______ 200.
Chronic pain can lead to immune suppression, depression, fatigue, and inability to perform ______.
Chronic pain can lead to immune suppression, depression, fatigue, and inability to perform ______.
In right lateral position, the ______ touches the bed.
In right lateral position, the ______ touches the bed.
Acute pain can result in increased cardiac output and impaired insulin ______.
Acute pain can result in increased cardiac output and impaired insulin ______.
Normal ease of movement is described as ______, controlled, purposeful, fluid, and coordinated movements.
Normal ease of movement is described as ______, controlled, purposeful, fluid, and coordinated movements.
Lithotomy position is commonly used in OB; the patient lies flat on their back with knees elevated and ______ level.
Lithotomy position is commonly used in OB; the patient lies flat on their back with knees elevated and ______ level.
Factors influencing pain include past experience, anxiety, depression, age, gender, and ______.
Factors influencing pain include past experience, anxiety, depression, age, gender, and ______.
Nociceptors are involved in the process of ______, which leads to pain sensation.
Nociceptors are involved in the process of ______, which leads to pain sensation.
A normal gait is characterized by the head erect with vertebral straightness, knees and feet ______, arms at side.
A normal gait is characterized by the head erect with vertebral straightness, knees and feet ______, arms at side.
Pharmacologic treatments for pain include non-opioids like NSAIDS and ______.
Pharmacologic treatments for pain include non-opioids like NSAIDS and ______.
In Sim's Position, the patient lies on their side with the upper leg flexed and drawn towards the ______.
In Sim's Position, the patient lies on their side with the upper leg flexed and drawn towards the ______.
One example of an opioid is ______.
One example of an opioid is ______.
An abnormal finding related to gait can be described as ______ gait.
An abnormal finding related to gait can be described as ______ gait.
The acronym PCA in PCA pump stands for ______.
The acronym PCA in PCA pump stands for ______.
A non-pharmacologic treatment method includes ______ therapy.
A non-pharmacologic treatment method includes ______ therapy.
One abnormal finding in muscle mass and tone is ______.
One abnormal finding in muscle mass and tone is ______.
When a patient lies on their stomach, this position is referred to as ______.
When a patient lies on their stomach, this position is referred to as ______.
The ______ position has the head of the bed elevated with the feet lowered.
The ______ position has the head of the bed elevated with the feet lowered.
Normal joint structure is characterized by the absence of ______.
Normal joint structure is characterized by the absence of ______.
The use of a TENS machine is an example of ______ stimulation.
The use of a TENS machine is an example of ______ stimulation.
An abnormal finding in spinal alignment could indicate ______.
An abnormal finding in spinal alignment could indicate ______.
For types of surgery to help promote ______ in obese patients.
For types of surgery to help promote ______ in obese patients.
Normal finding during mother assessment includes ______ in bed.
Normal finding during mother assessment includes ______ in bed.
Abnormal finding during assessment could be increased pulse, respirations, or ______.
Abnormal finding during assessment could be increased pulse, respirations, or ______.
Signs of pregnancy can be classified as presumptive, probable, or ______.
Signs of pregnancy can be classified as presumptive, probable, or ______.
Phytonadione, also known as Vitamin ______, helps prevent bleeding.
Phytonadione, also known as Vitamin ______, helps prevent bleeding.
The indication for using Phytonadione is the prevention and treatment of ______.
The indication for using Phytonadione is the prevention and treatment of ______.
Adverse effects of Phytonadione may include pain, swelling, and ______.
Adverse effects of Phytonadione may include pain, swelling, and ______.
A pregnant patient should increase their caloric intake by ______ kcal/day during the 2nd & 3rd trimesters.
A pregnant patient should increase their caloric intake by ______ kcal/day during the 2nd & 3rd trimesters.
Performing self-care activities is important for maintaining ______.
Performing self-care activities is important for maintaining ______.
Pain, rapid heartbeat, and ______ are signs of abnormalities during maternal assessment.
Pain, rapid heartbeat, and ______ are signs of abnormalities during maternal assessment.
Zocor is a brand name for ______.
Zocor is a brand name for ______.
Coumadin is the brand name for ______.
Coumadin is the brand name for ______.
The generic name for Plavix is ______.
The generic name for Plavix is ______.
Aspirin is also known as ______.
Aspirin is also known as ______.
______ is a beta blocker used to decrease heart rate and contractility.
______ is a beta blocker used to decrease heart rate and contractility.
Lovenox is the brand name for ______.
Lovenox is the brand name for ______.
Dexamethasone falls under the category of ______.
Dexamethasone falls under the category of ______.
Flashcards
Acid-Base Balance
Acid-Base Balance
The process of maintaining the proper balance of acids and bases in the body to prevent acidosis (too much acid) or alkalosis (too much base).
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
A gas that helps maintain acid-base balance; high levels can lead to acidosis.
Normal CO2 Range
Normal CO2 Range
23-29 mEq/L.
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
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Normal HCO3 Range
Normal HCO3 Range
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BUN and Creatinine
BUN and Creatinine
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Normal BUN range
Normal BUN range
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CD4 Count
CD4 Count
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Ambulation
Ambulation
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Pain (Chronic)
Pain (Chronic)
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Lateral Position
Lateral Position
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Normal Gait
Normal Gait
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Lithotomy Position
Lithotomy Position
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Sim's Position
Sim's Position
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Pain (Acute)
Pain (Acute)
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Nociceptors
Nociceptors
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Pharmacologic Pain Treatments
Pharmacologic Pain Treatments
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Factors influencing Pain
Factors influencing Pain
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Opioid Medications
Opioid Medications
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Abnormal Gait
Abnormal Gait
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Supine Position
Supine Position
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Prone Position
Prone Position
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PCA Pump
PCA Pump
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Normal Alignment
Normal Alignment
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Scoliosis
Scoliosis
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Focused Pain Assessment
Focused Pain Assessment
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Normal Muscle Mass & Tone
Normal Muscle Mass & Tone
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Reverse Trendelenburg
Reverse Trendelenburg
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Zocor Generic Name
Zocor Generic Name
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Diabeta Generic Name
Diabeta Generic Name
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Coumadin Generic Name
Coumadin Generic Name
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Antiplatelets Function
Antiplatelets Function
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ASA Generic Name
ASA Generic Name
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Beta Blockers Function
Beta Blockers Function
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Biguanides Action
Biguanides Action
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Perfusion Surgery in Obese Patients
Perfusion Surgery in Obese Patients
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Venous Air Embolism
Venous Air Embolism
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Pulmonary Aspiration
Pulmonary Aspiration
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Normal Mother Assessment
Normal Mother Assessment
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Abnormal Mother Assessment
Abnormal Mother Assessment
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Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy
Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy
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Probable Signs of Pregnancy
Probable Signs of Pregnancy
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Positive Signs of Pregnancy
Positive Signs of Pregnancy
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Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
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Increased Caloric Intake during Pregnancy
Increased Caloric Intake during Pregnancy
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Study Notes
Lab Values
- Sodium (Na+): Normal range = 135-145 mEq/L. Low sodium - slow, high sodium - bloated.
- Potassium (K+): Normal range = 3.5-5.0 mEq/L. Pumps heart muscles.
- Chloride (Cl-): Normal range = 97-107 mEq/L. Maintains acid-base balance.
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Normal range = 23-29 mEq/L. Helps maintain acid-base balance, high or low values can lead to acidosis.
- Bicarbonate (HCO3): Normal range = 23-30 mEq/L. Related to acid-base balance, pushes body to alkaline state.
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Hemoglobin: Normal = 12-18 g/dL (risky 8-11, life-threatening 0-7).
- Hematocrit: Normal = 36-54%. Low Hct = anemia/bleeding, High Hct=dehydration.
- Red blood cell count (RBC): 4-6 million/mm³. Low = anemia or renal failure, High = dehydration.
White Blood Cells (WBC) & Coagulation Panel
- WBC Total Count: Normal = 5,000-10,000/mm³. Higher = leukocytosis, Lower = leukopenia.
- CD4 Count: Normal = Over 200. Lower = AIDS.
- Platelets: Normal range = 150,000-400,000/mm³.
- PTT: Normal range = 30-40 seconds.
- INR: Normal range = 0.9-1.2.
Health Assessments
- Vital signs:
- Pulse: Normal = 60-100 bpm (various locations)
- Respirations (RR): Normal = 12-20 breaths/min.
- Blood Pressure (BP): Normal range = 120/80-139/89 mmHg (brachial, radial, etc.)
- Temperature: Normal = 98.6°F / 37°C (various locations)
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Description
Test your knowledge on essential lab values including sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and complete blood count parameters. Understand the normal ranges and their clinical significance. This quiz is perfect for students in healthcare or medical fields.
