Questions and Answers
How many bones are in the adult human body?
214
Name how many bones are in the head, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, in each superior limb, and in each inferior limb.
29, 26, 24, 1, 34, 33
How many categories of shapes are there for bones?
5
What are the five categories of shapes of bones?
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Describe long bones.
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What is each end of a long bone called?
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What is the shaft of a bone termed?
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What are the long bones of the superior limb?
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When a long bone is growing, it has cartilaginous growth plates called?
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The term ______________ refers to the portion of the diaphysis adjacent to one of these epiphyseal cartilages.
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The _________________ is the part of a growing long bone with the greatest metabolic activity and often flares (widens) as it joins the epiphyseal cartilage.
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Define short bones.
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Where are the only two places short bones are found?
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How many carpal bones are in each carpus?
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How many tarsal bones are in each tarsus?
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Short bones are often physically shorter than long bones but there are several exceptions.
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Define flat bones.
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Give examples of flat bones.
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Define irregular bones.
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Give examples of irregular bones.
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Define sesamoid bones.
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What is the biggest sesamoid bone in the body?
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Where are all ten sesamoid bones located?
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Study Notes
Human Skeleton Overview
- Adult human body typically contains 214 bones.
- Specific bone counts:
- Head: 29
- Vertebrae: 26
- Ribs: 24
- Sternum: 1
- Superior limbs (arms): 34
- Inferior limbs (legs): 33
Categories of Bone Shapes
- Five categories of bone shapes:
- Long bones
- Short bones
- Flat bones
- Irregular bones
- Sesamoid bones
Long Bones
- Comprise 88 bones, elongated in one dimension, primarily located in limbs.
- Function as supporting columns, working with joints and muscles as levers for locomotion.
- Each end of a long bone is called the epiphysis.
- The shaft of a long bone is termed the diaphysis.
- Long bones in the superior limb include:
- Humerus
- Radius
- Ulna
- Five metacarpal bones
- 14 phalanges
Growth and Structure of Long Bones
- Growing long bones have cartilaginous growth plates known as physes or epiphyseal cartilages.
- The segment adjacent to the epiphyseal cartilage is the metaphysis.
- The metaphysis holds the highest metabolic activity and often flares as it meets the epiphyseal cartilage.
Short Bones
- Short bones are relatively equidimensional in all major planes, often cuboidal.
- Located exclusively in the wrists and ankles.
- Each carpus contains 8 carpal bones.
- Each tarsus contains 7 tarsal bones.
- Short bones may be physically shorter than long bones, though there are exceptions.
Flat Bones
- Flat bones are significantly reduced in one dimension and often bent or curved.
- Examples include:
- Clavicles
- Scapulae
- Ribs
- Sternum
- Many cranial bones
- Hip bones (ossa coxae)
Irregular Bones
- Characterized by protruding processes.
- Examples include:
- Vertebrae
- Certain skull bones
- Auditory ossicles
- Mandible
- Hyoid bone (subject to classification as irregular or flat)
Sesamoid Bones
- Small bones embedded in tendons, acting as bearing surfaces to reduce friction as tendons glide over bones.
- The largest sesamoid bone is the kneecap (patella).
- Notable locations of sesamoid bones include:
- Kneecaps
- Two at the base of each thumb
- Two at the base of each big toe
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Description
This quiz focuses on the classification of bones based on their shapes. Test your knowledge on the number of bones in the human body, their categories, and more. Ideal for students studying anatomy and physiology.