Podcast
Questions and Answers
Most of the bones of our limbs are classified as ____ bones.
Most of the bones of our limbs are classified as ____ bones.
long
Bones that grow within tendons are classified as _____ bones.
Bones that grow within tendons are classified as _____ bones.
sesamoid bone
Phalanges are classified as _____ bones.
Phalanges are classified as _____ bones.
long
An example of an axial bone is the ____.
An example of an axial bone is the ____.
The structural unit of compact bone is the _____
The structural unit of compact bone is the _____
Lacunae are connected to each other by _______
Lacunae are connected to each other by _______
In bone, collagen is found in the ______.
In bone, collagen is found in the ______.
The membrane that covers most of the outer surface of a long bone is the ____.
The membrane that covers most of the outer surface of a long bone is the ____.
Which of the following would not be found in the long bone of a thirty-year-old adult?
Which of the following would not be found in the long bone of a thirty-year-old adult?
Spongy bone is made up of small, flat pieces of bone called ____.
Spongy bone is made up of small, flat pieces of bone called ____.
The bone cell that produces the bony matrix in a developing bone is the ____.
The bone cell that produces the bony matrix in a developing bone is the ____.
The primary ossification center of a long bone is found in the ____.
The primary ossification center of a long bone is found in the ____.
Which structure plays an important role in widening long bone?
Which structure plays an important role in widening long bone?
Newly produced body matrix that has not yet been mineralized is called a(n) _____.
Newly produced body matrix that has not yet been mineralized is called a(n) _____.
This vertebra has no body.
This vertebra has no body.
There are ___ pairs of false ribs.
There are ___ pairs of false ribs.
If you see a foramen in the transverse process of a vertebra, which type of vertebra are you observing?
If you see a foramen in the transverse process of a vertebra, which type of vertebra are you observing?
The glenoid cavity is part of which bone?
The glenoid cavity is part of which bone?
Which bone is not part of the pelvic girdle?
Which bone is not part of the pelvic girdle?
The two main types of joint classification are:
The two main types of joint classification are:
This hip joint is an example of a(n) _____.
This hip joint is an example of a(n) _____.
A fibrous joint connected by ligaments is classified as a _____.
A fibrous joint connected by ligaments is classified as a _____.
Synovial joints are examples of ______.
Synovial joints are examples of ______.
A unique feature of synovial joints is _____
A unique feature of synovial joints is _____
The fibrous capsule of a synovial joint is composed of _____.
The fibrous capsule of a synovial joint is composed of _____.
All of the following are synovial joints except:
All of the following are synovial joints except:
What movement has occurred when you bend your fingers to make a fist?
What movement has occurred when you bend your fingers to make a fist?
This is the most freely movable type of synovial joint.
This is the most freely movable type of synovial joint.
Which of the following is the most complex joint?
Which of the following is the most complex joint?
Which of the following joints is the most easily dislocated?
Which of the following joints is the most easily dislocated?
The connective tissue sheath that covers each individual muscle is called _____
The connective tissue sheath that covers each individual muscle is called _____
A sheetlike extension of the epimysium is called a(n) ____.
A sheetlike extension of the epimysium is called a(n) ____.
In a resting muscle cell, the myosin binding sites are blocked by ______.
In a resting muscle cell, the myosin binding sites are blocked by ______.
T tubules are extension of the _____
T tubules are extension of the _____
Calcium ions will bind to ____ when present in the sarcoplasm.
Calcium ions will bind to ____ when present in the sarcoplasm.
Which substance must bind to myosin heads in order for the heads to detach from the thin filaments?
Which substance must bind to myosin heads in order for the heads to detach from the thin filaments?
How does calcium reenter the terminal cisternae after muscle contraction is finished?
How does calcium reenter the terminal cisternae after muscle contraction is finished?
A single contraction in response to a single threshold is defined as _____
A single contraction in response to a single threshold is defined as _____
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle neither shortens nor lengthens during contraction?
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle neither shortens nor lengthens during contraction?
Skeletal muscle contractions increase in strength due to _____
Skeletal muscle contractions increase in strength due to _____
After about 30 minutes of exercise, which substance becomes the major source of fuel?
After about 30 minutes of exercise, which substance becomes the major source of fuel?
Which of the following is present in smooth muscle?
Which of the following is present in smooth muscle?
Smooth muscle cells can contract as a unit due to the presence of _____
Smooth muscle cells can contract as a unit due to the presence of _____
Flashcards
Long Bones
Long Bones
Long bones are the most common type of bone in the body, found in the limbs, including the fingers and toes.
Sesamoid Bones
Sesamoid Bones
Sesamoid bones are small, round bones that develop within tendons, providing mechanical advantages, like increasing force.
Axial Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
The central axis of the skeleton, including the skull, vertebral column, and ribs.
Osteons
Osteons
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lacunae and Canaliculi
Lacunae and Canaliculi
Signup and view all the flashcards
Collagen in Bone
Collagen in Bone
Signup and view all the flashcards
Periosteum
Periosteum
Signup and view all the flashcards
Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
Signup and view all the flashcards
Epiphyseal Plate
Epiphyseal Plate
Signup and view all the flashcards
Spongy Bone
Spongy Bone
Signup and view all the flashcards
Osteoid Seam
Osteoid Seam
Signup and view all the flashcards
Atlas
Atlas
Signup and view all the flashcards
False Ribs
False Ribs
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cervical Vertebrae
Cervical Vertebrae
Signup and view all the flashcards
Types of Joint Classification
Types of Joint Classification
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diarthrosis
Diarthrosis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gomphosis
Gomphosis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diarthroses
Diarthroses
Signup and view all the flashcards
Synovial Joint Features
Synovial Joint Features
Signup and view all the flashcards
Most Complex Joint
Most Complex Joint
Signup and view all the flashcards
Endomysium
Endomysium
Signup and view all the flashcards
Aponeurosis
Aponeurosis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tropomyosin
Tropomyosin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Calcium Ions
Calcium Ions
Signup and view all the flashcards
ATP Binding
ATP Binding
Signup and view all the flashcards
Active Transport
Active Transport
Signup and view all the flashcards
Twitch
Twitch
Signup and view all the flashcards
Concentric Contraction
Concentric Contraction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Recruitment of Motor Units
Recruitment of Motor Units
Signup and view all the flashcards
Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gap Junctions
Gap Junctions
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Bone Classification and Structure
- Long Bones: Most limb bones, including phalanges, categorized as long bones.
- Sesamoid Bones: Bones that develop within tendons, providing mechanical advantages.
- Axial Bones: An example includes the sternum which is part of the central axis of the skeleton.
- Osteons: The structural unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric layers of mineralized matrix.
- Lacunae and Canaliculi: Lacunae are small cavities within bone tissue connected by canaliculi for nutrient and waste exchange.
Bone Composition and Development
- Collagen in Bone: Found within lamellae, providing structural integrity and flexibility.
- Periosteum: The outer membrane covering long bones, essential for growth and repair.
- Osteoblasts: Bone cells responsible for producing the bony matrix during bone development.
- Epiphyseal Plate: Not found in long bones of adults around thirty years old, indicating cessation of growth.
Bone Types and Functions
- Spongy Bone: Composed of trabeculae, it provides support and flexibility in bone structure.
- Osteoid Seam: Newly formed organic matrix in bones that hasn't yet mineralized.
Vertebral Anatomy
- Atlas: A unique vertebra that lacks a body, supporting the skull.
- False Ribs: There are five pairs which do not directly connect to the sternum.
- Cervical Vertebrae: Identified by the presence of foramina in their transverse processes.
Joint Classification
- Types of Joint Classification: Classified by structure (e.g., fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial) and function (e.g., synarthrosis, diarthrosis).
- Diarthrosis: A freely movable joint, such as the hip joint, which exemplifies diarthrodial joints.
- Gomphosis: A fibrous joint where teeth are anchored by ligaments.
Synovial Joint Characteristics
- Diarthroses: Another term for synovial joints which allow significant movement.
- Synovial Joint Features: Contains a fibrous capsule made of connective tissue that encloses the joint.
- Most Complex Joint: The knee joint is recognized for its complexity and susceptibility to injury.
Muscle Contraction and Physiology
- Endomysium: Connective tissue sheath covering individual muscle fibers.
- Aponeurosis: A sheet-like fibrous tissue that connects muscles to the parts they move.
- Tropomyosin: A protein that blocks myosin binding sites in resting muscle cells.
Calcium's Role in Muscle Contraction
- Calcium Ions: Bind to tropomyosin in the sarcoplasm, initiating muscle contraction.
- ATP Binding: Necessary for myosin heads to detach from thin filaments, allowing the muscle to relax.
- Active Transport: Mechanism used to reintroduce calcium ions into the terminal cisternae post-contraction.
Muscle Contraction Types
- Twitch: Defined as a single contraction responding to a single stimulus threshold.
- Concentric Contraction: Occurs when muscle length remains unchanged, characterized by exertion of force.
Energy Sources in Muscle Activity
- Recruitment of Motor Units: Method for increasing contraction strength by activating more motor neurons.
- Fatty Acids: Become the primary fuel source after approximately thirty minutes of aerobic exercise.
Smooth Muscle Characteristics
- Gap Junctions: Allow smooth muscle cells to contract as a unit, ensuring synchronized movements.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge about the classification of bones in the human body. This quiz covers various types of bones, including long, seasamoid, and axial bones, as well as the structural unit of compact bone. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or related fields.
