Kyrgyz History Overview

The term "Turk" first appeared in written records during this year.

The ethnonym "Turk" means "strong and hard".

The Western Turkic Khanate formed an alliance with the Byzantine Empire against the Hephtalites.

Maniach led the Turkic Khanate's embassy to the Byzantine Empire in 568.

A term encompassing various groups, including ancient Turks, who lived in the period between the 6th and 12th centuries.

The Talas Battle, a decisive clash between the Abbasid Caliphate and the Tang Dynasty, took place in 751.

This khanate was established in 766 and played a crucial role in the history of Central Asia.

Barsbek was the Kagan of the Kyrgyz people.

The Yenisei Kyrgyz, an ancient Kyrgyz group, primarily used yurts as their traditional dwelling. This type of dwelling is a portable, circular tent with a felt covering.

The Yenisei Kyrgyz, an ancient Kyrgyz group, were known for their distinctive felt caps. This headwear, made from felt, was commonly worn by men and women.

The Yenisei Kyrgyz used a system of writing known as runes. Runes are a type of alphabet consisting of symbols, each representing a sound or a word. The exact nature of Yenisei Kyrgyz runes is not completely understood, but they were primarily used for writing on materials like wood or bone.

The Yenisei Kyrgyz practiced shamanism and fire-worship. Shamanism is a spiritual practice that involves communication with spirits, while fire-worship involves revering fire as a source of power and life.

Temujin, who later became known as Genghis Khan, was proclaimed Khan in 1206. This event marked the beginning of his rise to power and the foundation of the Mongol Empire.

Genghis Khan conquered Kyrgyzstan between 1219 and 1221. This conquest brought the Kyrgyz under Mongol rule and had a huge impact on the region.

The Hajdu state was founded in 1269. This state emerged from the Mongol Empire and was largely controlled by the Kyrgyz. Hajdu was a significant figure in Kyrgyz history and played a key role in the development of a separate Kyrgyz identity.

Amir Timur, also known as Tamerlane, was a powerful ruler who reigned from 1370 to 1405. He played a major role in shaping the political and military landscape of Central Asia during the 14th century.

The period marked by the formation of a unified Kyrgyz nation, sharing a common language and culture, within the same geographic region.

The Kokand Khanate was a powerful regional state located in Central Asia, specifically in the Fergana Valley.

The Kokand Khanate's founder was Shahrukh bii, who established the state in the early 18th century.

The Ming dynasty ruled the Kokand Khanate for a significant period, shaping the political landscape.

The Kokand Khanate, under its rulers, gradually expanded its control, eventually encompassing the entire territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan in the 1830s.

Alimbek datcha was a prominent Kyrgyz figure who served as a 'vizier' (high-ranking minister) during the Kokand Khanate period.

Zeket was a type of tax specifically levied on pastoralists, representing a portion of their wealth.

The Kokand Khanate was overthrown in 1876, marking the end of its rule in Central Asia.

The Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kyrgyz SSR) was formed in 1926. Within the USSR it was a union republic with much autonomy but ultimately controlled by the central government. The chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government in the Kyrgyz SSR.

The Basmachi Movement, a resistance against Soviet rule, waged war in Central Asia during the 1920s, including in Kyrgyzstan. The Basmachi were a diverse group of rebels fighting for independence from the Soviet Union.

Repression under Soviet rule was widespread in Kyrgyzstan. Thousands of citizens were arrested, executed, or sent to labor camps. This form of repression targeted perceived enemies of the Soviet state, especially those suspected of opposing the communist regime.

"Erkin Too" (Free Mountain) was the first newspaper published in the Kyrgyz language. It played a crucial role in promoting Kyrgyz culture, language, and identity.

I. Arabaev (1884 - 1966) was a Kyrgyz educator, scholar, and a pioneer in the development of the Kyrgyz written language. He is considered the author of the first Kyrgyz alphabet, which was a key step in promoting literacy and education in the Kyrgyz language.

D. Shopokov (1908 - 1943) was a Kyrgyz soldier during WWII who died in combat while defending his country. He is remembered as a hero who displayed bravery and self-sacrifice, representing the spirit of resistance against Nazi aggression.

The March Revolution of 2005 was a period of unrest and political upheaval in Kyrgyzstan that led to the ousting of President Askar Akayev. It was sparked by dissatisfaction with Akayev’s rule and allegations of corruption.

The April Revolution of 2010 resulted in the removal of President Kurmanbek Bakiyev. It was fueled by dissatisfaction with his rule and accusations of corruption.

The first Kyrgyz ambassador sent to Russia was A. Kuchakov. He was the representative of the Kyrgyz people in Russia and played a significant role in strengthening diplomatic ties between the two countries.

Northern Kyrgyzstan was incorporated into Russia between 1855 and 1868. This period marked a significant change in the political and social landscape of the region.

Southern Kyrgyzstan was annexed to Russia between 1875 and 1876, extending the reach of the Russian Empire into the south.

The rebellion of 1916 had a major impact on Northern Kyrgyzstan. It was one of the most affected regions during this uprising against Russian rule.

Osmonaaly Sydykov is considered one of the first historians and educators of the Kyrgyz people. He played a vital role in preserving and disseminating knowledge about Kyrgyz history and culture.

The Andijan uprising took place in 1898. This event was a significant revolt against the oppressive rule of the Russian Empire in Central Asia.

The first cinema in Kyrgyzstan opened its doors in 1914. This marked the introduction of a new form of entertainment and cultural expression in the country.

The colonial period in Kyrgyzstan spans from 1863 to 1917. This era marked the period of Russian rule and had a significant impact on Kyrgyz society, culture, and politics.

The 3000-year anniversary of Osh city was celebrated in this year.

This year marked the 2200-year anniversary of the ancient Kyrgyz state.

This document, adopted in 1929, is a significant historical piece for the Kyrgyz people.

This year was declared the "Year of the epic" Manas" in Kyrgyzstan.

This year marked the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO).

The UN declared this year as the "Year of the Kyrgyz statehood", recognizing the Kyrgyz people's rich history.

Parliamentary control in Kyrgyzstan was introduced in this year.

Kyrgyzstan became a member of the United Nations on this date.