Kwashiorkor: Clinical Manifestations
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of kwashiorkor?

  • Bacterial infection
  • Inadequate protein intake (correct)
  • Inadequate caloric intake
  • Vitamin deficiency
  • Which of the following is NOT a common clinical manifestation of kwashiorkor?

  • Peripheral pitting edema
  • Peeling skin
  • Hyperglycemia (correct)
  • Muscle atrophy
  • What is the cause of the abdominal distension seen in kwashiorkor?

  • Ascites
  • Muscle wasting
  • Intestinal obstruction
  • Hepatomegaly (correct)
  • What is the cause of the dry, full, hypopigmented hair seen in kwashiorkor?

    <p>Protein deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common psychic change seen in kwashiorkor?

    <p>Irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skin manifestation is commonly seen in kwashiorkor?

    <p>Hyperkeratosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is typically affected first by edema in kwashiorkor?

    <p>Abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of kwashiorkor related to the liver?

    <p>Cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom related to muscles in kwashiorkor?

    <p>Decreased muscle strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hair changes are observed in individuals with kwashiorkor?

    <p>Brittle hair that breaks easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Kwashiorkor

    • Kwashiorkor is a type of edematous malnutrition caused by a diet with inadequate protein but reasonably normal caloric intake.
    • Clinical manifestations of kwashiorkor include:
      • Peripheral pitting edema that begins in dependent regions and proceeds cranially
      • Marked muscle atrophy
      • Abdominal distension and hepatomegaly
      • Round face (prominence of the cheeks, or “moon facies”)
      • Thin, dry, peeling skin with confluent areas of scaling and hyperpigmentation
      • Dry, full, hypopigmented hair that falls out
      • Hepatomegaly (from fatty liver)
      • Growth retardation
      • Psychic changes (anorexia, apathy)
      • Skin lesions/dermatitis (perineum, groin, limbs, ears, armpits)
      • Subcutaneous fat retention with loose inner inguinal skin folds

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    Description

    Learn about the clinical manifestations of kwashiorkor, including pitting edema, muscle atrophy, abdominal distension, round face, and skin and hair changes. Understand how these symptoms result from inadequate protein intake despite normal caloric intake.

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