Kotter's 8-Step Change Model vs Emergent Approach

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What is the primary reason why organisational change efforts often fail?

Managers are poor at managing technical aspects of change

Managers are poor at managing people aspects of change (correct)

Organisational culture is too strong

There is a lack of resources

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of episodic change?

Is often unplanned

Is precipitated by severe external challenges

Tends to be infrequent

Is a continuous process (correct)

What is the primary focus of incremental change?

Developing a new organisational culture

Improving efficiency or effectiveness within the existing framework (correct)

Radical transformation of the organisation

Introducing new technology

What is the term for the tools and processes needed to ensure successful change in organisations?

Change Management Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of organisational change is often overlooked by managers?

People aspects of change Signup and view all the answers

What type of change is intended to have a radical impact on an organisation's strategies, structures, people, processes, or values?

Transformational change Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of change efforts fail to achieve their objectives?

60-80% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of Kotter's 8-Step Change Model according to critiques?

It assumes common agreement can be reached, downplaying power and politics Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of an emergent approach to change?

It assumes change is continuous, messy, and non-linear Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of managers in an emergent approach to change?

They facilitate and coach employees to adapt to change Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Toyota's Commitment to Continuous Improvement?

Emergent approach to change Signup and view all the answers

How does an emergent approach to change view reactions to change?

As a positive force within the change process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of an emergent approach to change in terms of employee involvement?

To empower staff and encourage participation in change Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of an emergent approach to change in terms of organizational structure?

It promotes a flatter, networked organization Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of shared organisational values, beliefs, and norms?

To act as the glue that holds organisations together Signup and view all the answers

According to Schein, what is organisational culture?

A pattern of basic assumptions invented by a group Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way to 'measure' culture in an organisation?

Observing artefacts and symbols Signup and view all the answers

Who is affected by organisational culture?

All employees, from senior managers to cleaners and porters Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of leadership in organisational culture?

To model and transmit cultural values Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of inclusivity and diversity in organisational culture?

Enhanced creativity and innovation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why organisational change often fails?

Lack of clear communication and vision Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of not implementing organizational change?

Lower market share, performance, and productivity Signup and view all the answers

According to Kurt Lewin's three-step model of change, what is the first step?

Unfreezing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Force Field Analysis?

To identify and analyze the driving and restraining forces of change Signup and view all the answers

What is the sixth step in the change management process, according to the provided model?

Generate short-term wins Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of making the wrong changes or implementing change poorly?

Redundancies, organizational failure, and so on Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary criticism of the planned approach to organizational change?

It is too rigid and inflexible Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the emergent approach to organizational change?

It is more flexible and adaptable Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential restraining force in organizational change, according to Force Field Analysis?

Fears and sunk costs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the first step in the change management process?

To create a sense of urgency Signup and view all the answers