Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the maximum term length for the President of the Republic of Korea?
What is the maximum term length for the President of the Republic of Korea?
What powers does the President of the Republic of Korea possess?
What powers does the President of the Republic of Korea possess?
How many members are there in the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea?
How many members are there in the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea?
What is the primary role of the judiciary in South Korea?
What is the primary role of the judiciary in South Korea?
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Which event led to the suspension of President Roh Moo-hyun's executive power?
Which event led to the suspension of President Roh Moo-hyun's executive power?
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What type of political system does the Republic of Korea have?
What type of political system does the Republic of Korea have?
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Which body has the power to approve the nomination of the Prime Minister in the Republic of Korea?
Which body has the power to approve the nomination of the Prime Minister in the Republic of Korea?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the National Assembly?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the National Assembly?
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What powers does the President have regarding wartime decisions?
What powers does the President have regarding wartime decisions?
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What is the composition of the National Assembly in terms of its membership?
What is the composition of the National Assembly in terms of its membership?
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Study Notes
Korean Politics: Ninth Lecture
- Republic of Korea (ROK): A presidential representative democratic republic with a multi-party system.
- ROK Executive: The President is head of state and chief executive. Elected by direct popular vote for a five-year term. No second term allowed.
- ROK Executive Powers: Commander-in-chief of armed forces, power to declare war, appoints prime minister (subject to National Assembly approval).
- ROK Executive Limitations: Cannot dissolve National Assembly.
- Presidential Powers: Appoint Prime Minister, propose legislation, and appoint the Chief Justice of Supreme Court (subject to Assembly approval).
- National Assembly: Unicameral legislature with 300 members. 253 members are directly elected, 47 appointed by political parties proportional to vote share. Members serve four-year terms.
- National Assembly Roles: Lawmaking, approving national budget, impeaching President.
- Overall Structure: Executive, legislative, and judicial branches function independently. President nominates Supreme Court justices (with Assembly approval). Supreme Court is the highest judiciary body. Constitutional Court oversees questions of constitutionality.
- Constitutional Amendments: The constitution has been revised five times since 1948; each change marked a new republic, the current Sixth Republic started with amendments in 1987.
- President's Role (Specific Examples): The President acts as commander in chief, nominates Prime Ministers and the State Council, and is subject to impeachment procedures managed by the National Assembly.
- Impeachment Procedure (Specific Example): The impeachment of President Roh Moo-hyun in 2004 was reviewed by the Constitutional Court, resulting in his reinstatement.
- Legislative Branch Structure: The National Assembly has 300 members with 244 being elected in single-seat districts and 56 chosen through proportional representation; all serving four-year terms.
- Judicial Branch Structure: South Korean judiciary functions independently. Supreme Court justices appointed by President; confirmed with National Assembly approval. The Supreme Court is the highest judiciary body, and the Constitutional Court ensures constitutionality (of laws and other issues).
- Major Political Parties (Example): Saenuri Party
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Description
Explore the complexities of the Republic of Korea's political system in this ninth lecture. Learn about the structure of ROK's executive and legislative branches, the powers and limitations of the President, and the role of the National Assembly. This quiz will test your knowledge of South Korean politics and its democratic framework.
