Knowledge and Philosophy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the first stage in the legislative process?

  • Initiative of Law (correct)
  • Sanción
  • Discussion
  • Approval
  • How does a law in Mexico enter into effect if it is considered difficult to understand?

  • Immediately upon publication
  • Only after a separate approval process
  • After some time following publication (correct)
  • After a review period
  • Which of the following is NOT a stage in the legislative process?

  • Promulgation
  • Revision (correct)
  • Discussion
  • Publication
  • What type of law applies across the entire territory of Mexico?

    <p>Federal laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'sanción' refer to in the legislative process?

    <p>Final approval by the president</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes legal norms?

    <p>They must be imposed by an external authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect defines the coercibility of legal norms?

    <p>They are legally binding and enforced by the state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Axiology' refer to?

    <p>The examination of values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a historical source of law?

    <p>Roman law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to legal norms as societal changes arise?

    <p>They adapt to address new realities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the world of being from the world of ought to be?

    <p>The world of being is characterized by verifiable knowledge, while the world of ought to be is influenced by social norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a part of the world of being?

    <p>Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Norms serve primarily to establish what in society?

    <p>A moral obligation that regulates behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the characteristics of social sciences?

    <p>They fluctuate according to social norms and rules of conduct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kant's division of knowledge emphasizes the differences between which two worlds?

    <p>The world of being and the world of ought to be</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do the general principles of law play in Mexico?

    <p>They assist in determining sentences when needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding the doctrine in Mexico?

    <p>It helps understand legal initiatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might judges refer to general principles of law?

    <p>To assist in ambiguous situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the principles of law?

    <p>They can create enforceable legal norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario might legislators utilize general principles of law?

    <p>To clarify complex legal text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates a 'convenio' from a 'tratado internacional'?

    <p>A convenio involves a common purpose but is not mandatory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of not fulfilling an 'acuerdo'?

    <p>Imposition of international sanctions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of treaty is primarily established to handle global issues?

    <p>Multilateral treaties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition can 'reservas internacionales' be established?

    <p>When all participating countries agree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of platforms do jurists use to share their legal doctrines?

    <p>Various platforms including debates, seminars, and websites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a person is dissatisfied with a first instance judgment?

    <p>Appeal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes how jurisprudence is established?

    <p>Five identical judgments without opposition are required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a magistrate reviews a second instance case and agrees with the original sentence?

    <p>The sentence is confirmed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity is responsible for issuing final decisions and judgments in the judicial system?

    <p>Ministers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What begins the formation of an unwritten legal norm?

    <p>Consistent usage over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Knowledge and Philosophy

    • Kant's framework distinguishes between two realms of knowledge: the world of being and the world of ought to be.
    • World of being encompasses exact sciences providing verifiable knowledge:
      • Mathematics
      • Physics
      • Chemistry
      • Biology
      • Geography
    • World of ought to be includes social sciences influenced by fluctuating social norms and ethical conduct.
    • Norms establish rules dictating ought to be, creating a framework of moral obligations in society.
    • Legal norms are a subtype with the following characteristics:
      • Bilateral: Involves two or more persons.
      • Exteriority: Requires external manifestation for legal acts to occur.
      • Heteronomous: Imposed by an authority outside oneself.
      • Coercibility: Enforced by state power, making compliance mandatory.
    • Law regulates human behavior for better social coexistence.
    • Axiology: The study of values underpinning legal norms.
    • Legal rights are acknowledged before birth (e.g., rights to nationality, identity) and persist after death (e.g., rights regarding wills and burials).

    Sources of Law

    • Sources of law are mechanisms through which legal norms emerge.
    • Historical sources include past legal systems, such as:
      • Canon law
      • Spanish law
      • Roman law
      • Austrian law
      • French law
    • Real sources involve the adaptation of laws to reflect societal changes driven by technology and ideology.

    Formal Sources of Law in Mexico

    • Legislation is the primary formal source, involving a six-step legislative process:
      • Initiative of Law: Proposal by citizens or legislators.
      • Discussion: Review in two legislative chambers.
      • Approval: Must be sanctioned by both chambers.
      • Sanction: Presidential approval.
      • Promulgation: Formal statement for compliance.
      • Publication: Dissemination through the Federal Official Gazette.

    Law Enforcement and Impact

    • Federal laws apply across national territory, including airspace and territorial waters.
    • Laws may undergo total or partial extinction, adjusting to societal needs.
    • Laws can enter into force synchronously or successively, based on their publication timing.

    Judicial Principles and International Agreements

    • Legal doctrines and principles aid the judicial system by providing guidance when interpreting laws.
    • International agreements, such as treaties, may be bilateral or multilateral, dictating obligations and potential consequences for non-compliance.
    • International reserves are adjustments made to treaties when necessary, contingent on mutual consent.
    • Legal doctrines are articulated by legal professionals through various mediums like publications, seminars, and online forums.
    • Vocatio Legis refers to the period between a law's publication and its effective date.
    • Customs and jurisprudence form unwritten norms that develop through consistent usage and judicial rulings.

    Judicial Structure

    • The judicial hierarchy includes judges, magistrates, and ministers, each responsible for different levels of adjudication.
    • Appeals and amparo proceed through hierarchical channels, allowing for judicial contestations and final resolutions.
    • A legal norm emerges when a prevailing jurisprudence arises from five consistent rulings. Any contradicting ruling negates its establishment.
    • Jurisprudences are documented and reviewed periodically, forming a crucial component of legal tradition.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of Kant's philosophical framework, including the distinction between the world of being and the world of ought to be. Explore the concepts of norms, legal systems, and the axiological foundations of law. This quiz covers the fundamental principles of both natural and social sciences.

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