Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the basic projections of the knee (intercondylar fossa)?
What are the basic projections of the knee (intercondylar fossa)?
- Lateral view
- Oblique projection
- PA axial...camp coventry method (correct)
- AP axial...beclere method
What are the special projections of the knee (intercondylar fossa)?
What are the special projections of the knee (intercondylar fossa)?
- Lateral view
- PA axial...camp coventry method
- AP axial...beclere method (correct)
- Oblique projection
Intercondylar fossa, femoral condyles, tibial plateaus, and intercondylar eminence should be demonstrated and are part of the?
Intercondylar fossa, femoral condyles, tibial plateaus, and intercondylar eminence should be demonstrated and are part of the?
clinical indications
Evidence of bony or cartilaginous pathology, osteochondral defects or narrowing of the joint space should be seen and are part of the?
Evidence of bony or cartilaginous pathology, osteochondral defects or narrowing of the joint space should be seen and are part of the?
What are the loose bodies in the knee joint called?
What are the loose bodies in the knee joint called?
What is the minimum SID (source to image distance)?
What is the minimum SID (source to image distance)?
What is the IR size used?
What is the IR size used?
What is the KV range for the knee imaging?
What is the KV range for the knee imaging?
The IR should be oriented lengthwise for knee imaging.
The IR should be oriented lengthwise for knee imaging.
What tissues should be shielded during knee imaging?
What tissues should be shielded during knee imaging?
Recommended collimation should cover?
Recommended collimation should cover?
How is the patient positioned for the Camp Coventry method?
How is the patient positioned for the Camp Coventry method?
How is the knee positioned for the Camp Coventry?
How is the knee positioned for the Camp Coventry?
Center the IR to the _____
Center the IR to the _____
CR is _____
CR is _____
CR is perpendicular to the _____ (popliteal depression)
CR is perpendicular to the _____ (popliteal depression)
Tube is angled _____, when the knee is flexed 40 degrees.
Tube is angled _____, when the knee is flexed 40 degrees.
Tube is angled _____, when the knee is flexed 50 degrees.
Tube is angled _____, when the knee is flexed 50 degrees.
The PA axial is also known as?
The PA axial is also known as?
The PA axial was first described _____
The PA axial was first described _____
The patient assumes a kneeling position on the radiographic table, which describes the?
The patient assumes a kneeling position on the radiographic table, which describes the?
In _____, the Holmblad method was modified so that if the patient's condition is allowed, a standing position could be used.
In _____, the Holmblad method was modified so that if the patient's condition is allowed, a standing position could be used.
For the Holmblad method, the CR is?
For the Holmblad method, the CR is?
Where is the CR directed for the Holmblad method?
Where is the CR directed for the Holmblad method?
What anatomy should be demonstrated with both the Camp Coventry and the Holmblad method?
What anatomy should be demonstrated with both the Camp Coventry and the Holmblad method?
The intercondylar fossa should be _____ without _____
The intercondylar fossa should be _____ without _____
Symmetric appearance of distal posterior femoral condyles are evidence of?
Symmetric appearance of distal posterior femoral condyles are evidence of?
Superimposition of half of fibular head by tibia is evidence of?
Superimposition of half of fibular head by tibia is evidence of?
Articular facets and intercondylar eminence well visualized without superimposition is evidence of?
Articular facets and intercondylar eminence well visualized without superimposition is evidence of?
How is the part positioned?
How is the part positioned?
Where is the IR centered?
Where is the IR centered?
From full extension, the knee is flexed _____ (Holmblad method)
From full extension, the knee is flexed _____ (Holmblad method)
If the patient cannot flex the knee 60 to 70 degrees, what should they do (Holmblad method)?
If the patient cannot flex the knee 60 to 70 degrees, what should they do (Holmblad method)?
How is the patient positioned for the Holmblad method?
How is the patient positioned for the Holmblad method?
How many positions can the patient be placed in for the Holmblad method?
How many positions can the patient be placed in for the Holmblad method?
Optimal density is seen by?
Optimal density is seen by?
No motion is seen by?
No motion is seen by?
Why is the AP axial (Beclere method) not a preferred projection?
Why is the AP axial (Beclere method) not a preferred projection?
Shielding for Beclere method?
Shielding for Beclere method?
How is the patient positioned for the Beclere method?
How is the patient positioned for the Beclere method?
The knee is flexed _____ for the Beclere method.
The knee is flexed _____ for the Beclere method.
For the Beclere method, the IR is adjusted and centered to?
For the Beclere method, the IR is adjusted and centered to?
What is placed under the IR as needed to ensure it is firmly against posterior thigh?
What is placed under the IR as needed to ensure it is firmly against posterior thigh?
The CR for the Beclere method is?
The CR for the Beclere method is?
The CR is perpendicular to the lower leg _____ degrees for the Beclere method.
The CR is perpendicular to the lower leg _____ degrees for the Beclere method.
The CR is directed to a point _____
The CR is directed to a point _____
Collimation for the Beclere method?
Collimation for the Beclere method?
Symmetric appearance of distal posterior femoral condyles is evidence of?
Symmetric appearance of distal posterior femoral condyles is evidence of?
Superimposition of half of fibular head by tibia is evidence of?
Superimposition of half of fibular head by tibia is evidence of?
Articular facets and intercondylar eminence well visualized without superimposition are evidence of?
Articular facets and intercondylar eminence well visualized without superimposition are evidence of?
Flashcards
PA Axial Projection
PA Axial Projection
A radiographic method for visualizing the intercondylar fossa using the Camp Coventry method.
Holmblad Method
Holmblad Method
A projection technique for the knee described by Holmblad in 1937, allowing for standing positioning.
AP Axial Projection
AP Axial Projection
A special method (Beclere method) to visualize knee structures with the patient supine.
Joint Mice
Joint Mice
Signup and view all the flashcards
Minimum SID
Minimum SID
Signup and view all the flashcards
Image Receptor Size
Image Receptor Size
Signup and view all the flashcards
Knee Imaging KV Range
Knee Imaging KV Range
Signup and view all the flashcards
Shielding in Imaging
Shielding in Imaging
Signup and view all the flashcards
Collimation
Collimation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Knee Flexion for Camp Coventry
Knee Flexion for Camp Coventry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Central Ray (CR) Angle
Central Ray (CR) Angle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hairpin Angle Adjustments
Hairpin Angle Adjustments
Signup and view all the flashcards
Holmblad CR Direction
Holmblad CR Direction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Evidence of Proper Technique
Evidence of Proper Technique
Signup and view all the flashcards
Optimal Imaging Conditions
Optimal Imaging Conditions
Signup and view all the flashcards
Density in Imaging
Density in Imaging
Signup and view all the flashcards
Beclere Method Downsides
Beclere Method Downsides
Signup and view all the flashcards
Knee Position for Beclere
Knee Position for Beclere
Signup and view all the flashcards
CR for Beclere Method
CR for Beclere Method
Signup and view all the flashcards
Collimation Evidence for Beclere
Collimation Evidence for Beclere
Signup and view all the flashcards
Visualization Evidence
Visualization Evidence
Signup and view all the flashcards
Distal Femoral Condyles
Distal Femoral Condyles
Signup and view all the flashcards
Fibular Head Superimposition
Fibular Head Superimposition
Signup and view all the flashcards
Knee Flexion for Holmblad
Knee Flexion for Holmblad
Signup and view all the flashcards
Alternative Position for Holmblad
Alternative Position for Holmblad
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sharp Trabecular Markings
Sharp Trabecular Markings
Signup and view all the flashcards
Image Clarity
Image Clarity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Knee Joint Structures
Knee Joint Structures
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Knee - Intercondylar Fossa Projections
- Basic projections: PA axial (Camp Coventry method) and Holmblad method.
- Special projection: AP axial (Beclere method).
Clinical Indications
- Visualize intercondylar fossa, femoral condyles, tibial plateaus, and intercondylar eminence.
- Detect bony or cartilaginous pathology, osteochondrial defects, or joint space narrowing.
Terminology
- Loose bodies in knee joint referred to as "joint mice."
- Minimum SID (Source-to-Image Distance) is 40 inches.
- Image receptor (IR) size is 8 x 10 inches.
Exposure Parameters
- Kilovolt (KV) range for knee imaging is 70 to 85.
- IR should be positioned lengthwise.
- Shielding should cover radiosensitive tissues.
- Recommended collimation includes all four sides of the knee joint.
Positioning for Camp Coventry Method
- Patient lies prone with no rotation.
- Knee flexed 40 to 50 degrees, foot resting on a suitable device.
- Center the IR to the knee joint, considering the central ray (CR) angle.
- CR is perpendicular to the lower leg's long axis and centered to the knee joint.
- Tube angle adjustments: 40 degrees when knee is 40 degrees flexed, 50 degrees when flexed at 50 degrees.
History and Method Variations
- PA axial projection also known as the tunnel view.
- Holmblad method first described by Holmblad in 1937; modified in 1983 to allow a standing position if patient's condition permits.
CR and Visualization
- For Holmblad, CR is perpendicular to both IR and lower leg, directed at the midpopliteal crease.
- Aim to demonstrate intercondylar fossa, tibial plateaus, and knee joint space without superimposition by the patella.
Evidence of Proper Technique
- Symmetric distal posterior femoral condyles indicate no rotation.
- Superimposition of fibular head by tibia also confirms no rotation.
- Clear visualization of articular facets and intercondylar eminence signifies accurate positioning.
Optimal Imaging Conditions
- IR placed against the anterior surface of the knee and centered at the apex of the patella.
- For Holmblad method, knee flexed 60 to 70 degrees; if unable, patient should lean forward 20 to 30 degrees.
- For both methods, a maximum of three patient positions are possible.
Density and Clarity in Imaging
- Optimal density demonstrates soft tissue and patella outline clearly.
- No motion is indicated when trabecular markings are sharp and clear.
Beclere Method Specifics
- Not preferred due to increased object-to-image distance (OID) and potential exposure to gonads.
- Shielding technique involves covering pelvic area to mid-femur.
- Patient positioned supine with leg support during partial knee flexion of 40 to 45 degrees.
- For Beclere method, CR is perpendicular at a 40 to 45-degree angle cephalad, directed 1 inch distal to the apex of the patella.
Collimation and Visualization Evidence
- Collimation for Beclere method should encompass all four sides of the knee joint.
- Evidence of no rotation is again confirmed by symmetric appearance of distal femoral condyles, half of fibular head superimposition, and clear visibility of articular facets and intercondylar eminence.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the various projections of the knee, specifically focusing on the intercondylar fossa. This quiz covers both basic and special projection methods, including the Camp Coventry and Holmblad methods, as well as the Beclere method. Perfect for students learning radiographic techniques.
