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Questions and Answers

What is a key principle that is emphasized for cloud security?

  • Defense in depth (correct)
  • Rapid deployment
  • High availability
  • Cost reduction

    • Which aspect of security does IAM particularly focus on in cloud environments?

  • Instance provisioning
  • Access control (correct)
  • Network performance
  • User experience management

    • What type of vulnerabilities are highlighted as common in multicloud or hybrid cloud architectures?

  • Legal compliance vulnerabilities
  • Physical security vulnerabilities
  • Network latency issues
  • Data handling vulnerabilities (correct)

    • What role does Chris Dotson hold related to cloud security?

    <p>Distinguished Engineer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tactics is crucial for managing security incidents?

    <p>Incident detection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does privileged access management aim to achieve in cloud environments?

    <p>Control sensitive access (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method used to strengthen cloud security?

    <p>Implementing least privilege (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for professionals dealing with cloud security?

    <p>Cloud provider management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the Cloud Shared Responsibility Model?

    <p>Security responsibilities are typically divided between development and operations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cloud services, what does IaaS stand for?

    <p>Infrastructure as a Service (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern when moving from an on-premises environment to a cloud environment?

    <p>The more complicated shared responsibility model for security. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might the line between IaaS and PaaS be considered blurred?

    <p>They often serve the same customer needs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the analogy of pizza used to explain cloud services?

    <p>Making pizza at home equates to on-premises computing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typical responsibility does IT have within an on-premises environment?

    <p>Setting up firewalls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the documentation provided by cloud providers?

    <p>They typically outline the shared responsibility model. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant change for business users when transitioning to a cloud environment?

    <p>They become more involved in understanding security responsibilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is essential for real-time security monitoring and alerts?

    <p>Security Information and Event Managers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important step in preparing for a security incident?

    <p>Developing an Incident Response Plan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of threat hunting?

    <p>To proactively search for advanced threats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to analyze and understand the flow of a cyberattack?

    <p>OODA Loop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When recovering from a security incident, what is a primary focus?

    <p>Redeploying IT Systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do logs play in security investigations?

    <p>Providing Evidence for Legal Proceedings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of automated response in security?

    <p>To reduce human intervention in alerts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'Cloud Service Logs' primarily used for?

    <p>Monitoring Security Incidents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a technique in parsing logs?

    <p>Log Visualization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Cyber Kill Chain' framework assist with?

    <p>Understanding Stages of Cyber Attacks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the traditional on-premises model resemble in the pizza analogy?

    <p>Making a pizza at home (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which service model allows for the least responsibility on the user’s part?

    <p>Software as a Service (SaaS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant responsibility of the user in a Software as a Service model?

    <p>Managing access control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significantly differentiates Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) from traditional on-premises setups?

    <p>Pre-setup base infrastructure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the shared responsibility model emphasize in cloud computing?

    <p>Responsibilities are divided between user and provider (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the shared responsibility model, what is a unique responsibility of the cloud provider?

    <p>Implementing biometric security measures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge associated with categorizing cloud services?

    <p>Services often overlap in responsibilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pizza analogy best represents the dining experience in a Software as a Service (SaaS) model?

    <p>Dining out where everything is prepared for you (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk is associated with a compromised private key for a TLS certificate?

    <p>It could enable someone to steal customers’ passwords. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major concern with keeping a list of password hashes?

    <p>They are a target for attackers, especially if reused. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of key is needed by an application server to access its database?

    <p>Password or API key (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to have a tagging policy for cloud resources?

    <p>To help in categorizing resources and decisions in access control. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a consequence of different tagging systems being used across an organization?

    <p>It could lead to confusion and ineffective resource management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of using standardized tags across multiple cloud providers?

    <p>It helps with resource categorization and management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant incident illustrates the danger of password hash theft?

    <p>LinkedIn's loss of 6.5 million password hashes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of having a poorly defined tagging policy?

    <p>Confusion among teams regarding resource management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a key encryption key (KEK)?

    <p>To encrypt (or wrap) data encryption keys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is recovering overwritten data from SSDs considered slightly more practical than from hard disks?

    <p>SSDs have a secure erase feature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the unwrapped data encryption keys after an encryption or decryption operation?

    <p>They are forgotten and not retained (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the house analogy for data encryption, what does the realtor represent?

    <p>The key management service (KMS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you never do with unwrapped keys?

    <p>Write them down to disk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of deleting a key at the Key Management Service (KMS)?

    <p>It revokes access to all associated data objects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the wrapped data encryption keys in data security?

    <p>They must be sent to HSM for unwrapping when needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for erasing data objects?

    <p>Overwriting the data numerous times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Practical Cloud Security

    • Book's title: Practical Cloud Security
    • Book's subtitle: A Guide for Secure Design and Deployment
    • Author: Chris Dotson
    • Book edition: Second Edition
    • Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Inc.

    Key Concepts

    • Least privilege: Limiting access to only necessary permissions
    • Defense in depth: Creating multiple overlapping security layers
    • Zero Trust: Trusting nothing implicitly
    • Cloud shared responsibility model: Dividing security responsibilities between the cloud provider and the customer
    • Threat actors: Categories of potential security threats (organized crime, hacktivists, inside attackers, state actors)
    • Data asset management and protection:
      • Data classification levels (low, moderate, high/confidential): Assessing value
      • Relevant regulations (GDPR, PCI DSS, HIPAA): Specific needs of each
    • Cloud services:
      • IaaS (infrastructure as a service)
      • PaaS (platform as a service)
      • SaaS (software as a service)
    • Cloud asset management and protection:
    • Types of cloud assets (compute, storage, network)
      • Individual cloud assets (e.g., VMs, containers, networks).
    • Identity and access management:
      • Authentication and authorization
      • Security considerations for credentials and roles
    • Vulnerability management:
      • Different types of vulnerabilities
      • Automated vulnerability scan tools
    • Software Bill of Materials (SBOM)
      • The use of secure software standards
    • Using tools for detecting, responding to, and recovering from security incidents
      • Data loss prevention (DLP)
      • Log aggregation and retention.
      • Log parsing.
      • Log correlation and alert actions.
      • Automated response considerations
    • Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) tool
      • SIEM rules for detection

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