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Kinetochore Structure and Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the S phase of the cell cycle?

To produce new proteins needed for cell growth

To duplicate the chromosomes in preparation for cell division (correct)

To increase the number of organelles in the cell

To increase the overall size of the cell

What is the diploid chromosome number in human somatic cells?

46 (correct)

184

What is the process by which DNA replication occurs during the S phase?

The DNA strands are duplicated by the addition of new nucleotides to the existing strands

The DNA strands are unwound and then copied as a single continuous strand

The DNA strands are cut and rearranged to form new chromosomes

The two DNA strands unwind and separate, and then new complementary strands are synthesized (correct)

What is the name given to the two identical copies of a chromosome that are produced during DNA replication?

Chromatids Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the proteins involved in DNA replication during the S phase?

To unwind and separate the DNA strands, and then synthesize new complementary strands Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the set of chromosomes in a human somatic cell?

Diploid set Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pairing of homologous chromosomes in human cells?

To provide genetic diversity by combining genetic material from both parents Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which DNA strands are unwound and separated during replication?

Denaturation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the complementary base pairing between the two DNA strands during replication?

To ensure that the new DNA strands are identical to the original strands Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the phosphate and sugar molecules in the DNA replication process?

They provide the energy and structural support for the DNA molecule Signup and view all the answers