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Questions and Answers
What is a primary function of the skeletal system related to muscle movement?
What is a primary function of the skeletal system related to muscle movement?
Which type of muscular contraction occurs when a muscle shortens?
Which type of muscular contraction occurs when a muscle shortens?
What distinguishes ligaments from tendons within the muscular and skeletal systems?
What distinguishes ligaments from tendons within the muscular and skeletal systems?
In the anatomical nomenclature, what does the term 'origin' refer to?
In the anatomical nomenclature, what does the term 'origin' refer to?
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Which part of the skeletal system is primarily responsible for forming the framework of the body?
Which part of the skeletal system is primarily responsible for forming the framework of the body?
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What does the term 'medial' refer to in anatomical references?
What does the term 'medial' refer to in anatomical references?
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Which of the following describes a biarticular muscle?
Which of the following describes a biarticular muscle?
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In which plane of motion does flexion and extension primarily occur?
In which plane of motion does flexion and extension primarily occur?
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What does the term 'prone' describe?
What does the term 'prone' describe?
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Which axis of rotation is associated with the frontal plane?
Which axis of rotation is associated with the frontal plane?
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Which of the following movements is best described by the term 'adduction'?
Which of the following movements is best described by the term 'adduction'?
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What is the correct description of 'superior' in anatomical references?
What is the correct description of 'superior' in anatomical references?
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What does the term 'contralateral' imply?
What does the term 'contralateral' imply?
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course: KINE 2850 Structural Kinesiology
- Lecture: 1 - Introduction
- Institution: East Carolina University
- Location: Greenville, NC
Structural Kinesiology Definition
- Structural kinesiology combines the anatomical elements of the human body with kinesiology, the study of human movement.
- It analyzes movement by identifying anatomical elements within the body.
Skeletal System
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Structure: The skeletal system includes rigid bones (though not entirely rigid) and flexible joints, which are also not entirely flexible.
- Axial skeleton: Includes the trunk, spine, neck, and head.
- Appendicular skeleton: Consists of upper and lower extremities.
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Functions:
- Framework: Providing a basic framework for the body.
- Movement: Acting as attachment points for muscles, and functioning as levers for movement.
- Protection: Offering protection to internal organs.
- Mineral storage: Storing minerals.
- Blood formation: Producing blood cells.
Types of Joints
- There are 6 major types of joints:
- Hinge
- Ball and socket
- Pivot
- Saddle
- Gliding
- Condyloid
Muscular System
- Function: Exerting force through contraction.
-
Types of contractions:
- Isometric: Muscle contracts but does not shorten (holds a position).
- Concentric: Muscle shortens (starts a movement).
- Eccentric: Muscle lengthens (stops or decelerates a movement).
-
Muscle Nomenclature: Examples include Flexor digiti minimi. Includes:
- Origin: Proximal attachment point.
- Insertion: Distal attachment point.
- Line of pull (action/outcome): The muscle's action or result
- Impacts force production
Other Connective Tissues
- Tendon: Attaches muscle to bone to allow for movement.
- Ligament: Attaches bone to bone to provide stability to joints.
Anatomical Position
- Anatomical Position: A standard reference point for the body, with palms facing forward.
- All anatomical descriptions refer to this position.
Anatomical References
-
Directional terms:
- Anterior: front of the body
- Posterior: back of the body
- Medial: toward the middle
- Lateral: toward the side
- Superior: above
- Inferior: below
- Proximal: nearest to the trunk
- Distal: farthest from the trunk
-
Other terms:
- Superficial: near the surface
- Deep: beneath the surface
- Prone: lying face down
- Supine: lying face up
- Contralateral: relating to the opposite side
- Ipsilateral: relating to the same side
- Biarticular: crossing two joints directly
- Uniarticular: crossing one joint directing
Planes of Motion
- Sagittal: Divides the body into left and right halves.
- Transverse (Axial): Divides the body into top and bottom halves.
- Frontal (Coronal): Divides the body into front and back halves.
Axes of Rotation
- Anteroposterior: Rotational axis for movements occurring in the frontal plane.
- Mediolateral (Transverse): Rotational axis for movements occurring in the sagittal plane.
- Longitudinal: Rotational axis for movements occurring in the transverse plane.
General Movements
-
Primary Movements—examples include:
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
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Description
This quiz covers the introductory concepts of Structural Kinesiology, focusing on the anatomical elements and their relationship to human movement. Students will explore the skeletal system, including its structure, functions, and the differences between axial and appendicular skeletons.
