Kinase-Linked Receptors in RTK Activation and Signalling Quiz
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Kinase-Linked Receptors in RTK Activation and Signalling Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)?

  • Regulating cell migration
  • Controlling angiogenesis
  • Converting extracellular signals to intracellular responses (correct)
  • Inducing apoptosis

    • How does deregulation of tyrosine kinases (TKs) impact cell signaling?

  • Enhances immune destruction
  • Turns the on/off switch to 'off'
  • Decreases signal transduction
  • Leads to constitutive activation of signals (correct)

    • What is the main consequence of evading immune destruction through retroviral oncogenes hijacking normal genes?

  • Enhanced immune recognition
  • Normal gene regulation
  • Gene deletion
  • Uncontrolled signaling due to mutations (correct)

    • Which type of phosphorylation event is predominant among substrate proteins?

    <p>Tyrosine phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) classified based on their structure?

    <p>By extracellular domains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the human genome is comprised of protein kinases?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of protein kinases?

    <p>To add a phosphate group to proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the catalytic domain of tyrosine kinases?

    <p>It has a deep catalytic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)?

    <p>To transduce extracellular signals into intracellular signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of oncogenes are tyrosine kinases?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relative abundance of tyrosine phosphorylation compared to serine phosphorylation?

    <p>0.05% as common</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the extracellular domain in RTKs?

    <p>Ligand binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the juxta-membrane domain in RTKs?

    <p>Ligand binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of ligand-mediated dimerisation of RTKs?

    <p>Close apposition of 2 RTK molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a growth factor that activates RTKs?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the activation loop in RTK activation?

    <p>To phosphorylate the activation loop on the partner RTK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of phosphorylating regulatory tyrosine residues in RTKs?

    <p>Removal of kinase inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the TK domain in tyrosine kinase-linked receptors?

    <p>Activation and phosphorylation of non-RTKs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of associated non-RTKs in the RTK activation paradigm?

    <p>They activate the TK domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a substrate of RTKs?

    <p>Protein A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the PTB domain in RTK signaling?

    <p>Mediation of RTK-substrate interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do GF/cytokine receptors lacking intrinsic kinase domains become activated?

    <p>They rely on non-covalently associated non-receptor TKs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of ligand binding in the RTK activation paradigm?

    <p>Receptor dimerisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of kinases in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)?

    <p>Kinases are responsible for phosphorylating substrates, which regulates their function in RTKs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of KINASE-LINKED RECEPTORS?

    <p>They are large in number and function as ion channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional difference between intrinsic and linked kinases in the context of kinase-linked receptors?

    <p>Intrinsic kinases are part of the receptor's intracellular domain, while linked kinases are distinct cytoplasmic or non-receptor kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are receptor tyrosine kinases currently the pharmaceutical industry's most popular drug target?

    <p>They are involved in several pathophysiological processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes does phosphorylation NOT regulate?

    <p>Transcription of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do multicellular organisms use cell-to-cell communication mechanisms?

    <p>Through interactions between extracellular molecules (ligands) and cell surface receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

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