Questions and Answers
What does effector anticipation mean?
What must performers do in receptor anticipation?
Predict relevant spatial and temporal aspects of the environment.
What is perceptual anticipation?
The ability to time a movement within a series of movements.
What does reaction time measure?
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Which factors affect stimulus identification?
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What does the Inverted U-Hypothesis describe?
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What affects the Inverted U-hypothesis?
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What is the role of perception in information processing?
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What is the cutoff point in Signal Detection Theory?
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What happens in a low activation system in Signal Detection Theory?
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What does 'Just Noticeable Difference' (JND) mean?
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How long is the duration of verbal seconds?
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How long is the duration of motor seconds?
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What does chunking refer to?
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What are the stages in Adam's Closed Loop Theory?
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Study Notes
Effector and Receptor Anticipation
- Effector anticipation involves timing personal movements in stable environments and is linked to closed skills.
- Receptor anticipation requires predicting spatial and temporal aspects for success, exemplified by a catcher timing their catch to thwart a runner.
Perceptual Anticipation and Reaction Time
- Perceptual anticipation is the ability to time movements in a sequence, such as in a gymnastic routine.
- Reaction time reflects the duration from stimulus input to the onset of movement. It includes simple, choice, and discrimination reaction types.
Factors Affecting Stimulus Identification
- Stimulus clarity impacts how clearly a stimulus is perceived.
- Brightness and loudness influence stimulus identification.
- Peripheral vision enhances the ability to perceive multiple stimuli simultaneously.
Inverted U-Hypothesis
- The inverted U-hypothesis presents a relationship between arousal levels and performance: low arousal can indicate fatigue, while high arousal can impede performance.
- Optimal performance occurs at moderate arousal levels.
Influencers of the Inverted U-Hypothesis
- Individual differences (inter and intra) affect optimal arousal levels.
- The meaningfulness of tasks can influence arousal and performance.
- Task complexity requires appropriate levels of arousal to facilitate learning and execution.
- Variation in teaching styles and the uncertainty of movements can impact performance and arousal.
Perception and Signal Detection Theory
- Perception involves detecting, comparing, and recognizing information.
- Signal Detection Theory defines the cutoff point for responding to stimuli, indicating detection capacity and the impact of noise on response accuracy.
Components of Signal Detection Theory
- The left curve represents internal noise affecting perception: hunger, pain, anxiety, etc., which can distract individuals.
- The right curve incorporates external signals, with higher intensities and clearer signals improving detection.
States of Arousal
- Underaroused individuals may lack motivation or energy; they recognize stimuli but remain disengaged.
- Overaroused individuals may react intensely to minor stimuli, highlighting the balance needed for optimal performance.
Information Processing Metrics
- Information comparison is analyzed by presenting two stimuli of different intensities for detection.
- Just Noticeable Difference (JND) refers to the minimum difference needed to discern between stimuli accurately.
Memory and Judgment
- Absolute judgment relates to an individual's capacity to match sensory input to stored memories.
- Short-term memory and perception are constrained by time (20-60 seconds) and capacity (7±2 items).
Chunking and Detection in Motor Behavior
- Chunking involves grouping information into meaningful units to aid memory.
- Detection in motor behavior is influenced by activation levels, uncertainty, noise, and arousal.
Adam's Closed Loop Theory
- The theory outlines a process:
- Memory trace sets intentions,
- Movement organizer creates motor programs,
- Movement execution occurs,
- Error detection compares planned and actual movements.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards for Kin 166 Exam 2. This quiz covers key concepts such as effector and receptor anticipation, crucial for understanding motor skills in stable environments. Perfect for students looking to enhance their comprehension before the exam.
