History exam study paper

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What year did the Treaty of Paris end the American Revolutionary War?

1783

When was Parliament created by the signing of the Magna Carta?

1215

What year was the Act of Union?

1707

What three countries united under Great Britain in the Act of Union?

Wales, England, and Scotland Signup and view all the answers

What year did the Netherlands gain independence from Spain?

1689 Signup and view all the answers

What year was the glorious revolution?

1688 Signup and view all the answers

What were the two houses in the British Parliament and how were the members chosen?

The two houses were the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Members of the House of Commons were elected by the public, while members of the House of Lords were appointed or inherited their positions. Signup and view all the answers

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What two political parties formed in the House of Commons in the 1700s and what did each party support?

The Whigs, who supported parliamentary supremacy and modernization, and the Tories, who supported royal authority and traditionalism. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Enlightenment Period begin, and what other revolutions did it inspire?

The Enlightenment Period began in the late 17th century and led to the French revolution. It inspired the American Revolution and the Latin American Revolution. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain in 1769?

It began due to factors such as the availability of resources, political stability, and innovations in technology such as the first functioning steam engine by James Watt. Signup and view all the answers

Why were the Latin American colonies ready to revolt? What were the reasons for their revolution?

The Latin American colonies were ready to revolt due to social inequality, the influence of Enlightenment ideas, restrictions from colonial powers, and the desire for independence and self-governance. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the reasons the French Revolution began.

Social inequality, economic hardship, and a desire for political reform were key reasons for the French Revolution. Signup and view all the answers

What were the four ideas stated in the Monroe Doctrine of 1823, who wrote it, and what did it become?

<ol> <li>The Americas are no longer open to European colonization. 2. Any European interference in the Americas would be seen as a hostile act. 3. The United States would not interfere in European affairs. 4. The Western Hemisphere is different from Europe and its political systems. It was written by President James Monroe and became a cornerstone of American foreign policy.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two sides in the Second English Civil War? Who won and what happened to the losing side?

The two sides were the Royalists and the Parliamentarians. The Parliamentarians won, and many of the Royalist leaders were executed, imprisoned, or fled. Signup and view all the answers

How was the Glorious Revolution different from the other wars that took place later in England?

It was a relatively bloodless overthrow of James II in 1688, resulting in a constitutional monarchy. Signup and view all the answers

How did Peter the Great help Russia?

He modernized Russia's military and government, expanded its territory, and fostered Westernization. Signup and view all the answers

How did Catherine the Great help Russia?

She modernized the country, expanded its borders, and promoted education and the arts. She also gave the people freedom to develop a constitution. Signup and view all the answers

What happened in the First and Second Phases of the French Revolution from 1789-1799?

The First Phase saw the rise of the National Assembly and the fall of the monarchy, while the Second Phase involved the Reign of Terror and the rise of radical leaders like Robespierre. Signup and view all the answers

How did Napoleon end the First French Republic?

By declaring himself Emperor of the French in 1804. Signup and view all the answers

How were Eastern absolute monarchs different from Western European monarchs?

Eastern absolute monarchs often had more centralized control and relied on bureaucratic structures, while Western European monarchs tended to share power with nobility. Signup and view all the answers

Why was the Estates-General not allowed to meet regularly?

To maintain control over the political power and prevent challenges to the monarchy. Signup and view all the answers

What rights did the British receive in the English Bill of Rights (1689), and which country did they influence with it?

The British received rights such as the right to a fair trial, freedom of speech in Parliament, and the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment. They influenced the United States, particularly in shaping the Bill of Rights. Signup and view all the answers

Why was the American Revolution fought?

The American Revolution was fought primarily to gain independence from British rule and to secure the rights of the American colonists. Signup and view all the answers

What other revolutions were influenced by the American Revolution?

The French Revolution and the Latin American Wars of Independence. Signup and view all the answers

What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1783?

The Treaty recognized American independence, established borders for the United States, and ceded Florida to Spain. Signup and view all the answers

How did Louis XIV hurt France?

He drained the treasury through expensive wars and extravagant spending. Signup and view all the answers

How did Napoleon make France strong?

By implementing reforms in administration, law, and education, as well as expanding the military. Signup and view all the answers

How did Frederick the Great and the Hohenzollern monarchs hurt Prussia and later Germany?

By engaging in military conflicts that drained resources and causing political fragmentation. Their absolutism caused the people to be unable to self-govern. Signup and view all the answers

How did Joseph II help Austria?

He implemented several reforms aimed at modernizing the state, including religious tolerance and the reduction of serfdom. Signup and view all the answers

How did Joseph II harm Austria?

He implemented radical reforms that alienated the nobility and the Church, leading to unrest and opposition. Signup and view all the answers

What were the results of the Latin American Revolutions?

Independence from colonial powers and the establishment of new nations. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the leaders of the Jacobin party and how did they hurt the French Revolution?

Maximilien Robespierre and Georges Danton; they led the Reign of Terror which resulted in widespread executions and political purges. Signup and view all the answers

What were the results of the first three phases of the French Revolution?

The results included the establishment of the National Assembly, the abolition of feudalism, and the declaration of the First French Republic. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Estes-General in France and how was it set up?

The Estes-General was a type of assembly in France that represented the three estates: the clergy, the nobility, and the common people. It was established to advise the king and facilitate communication between the monarch and various social classes. Signup and view all the answers

How much power did the Estes-General have over the monarch?

The Estes-General acted as an advisory council to the monarch with the monarch holding power to call or dismiss it. Signup and view all the answers

How much power did Parliament have in making decisions and governing in Great Britain?

Parliament had significant power in making decisions and governing, as it was the primary legislative body responsible for creating laws and overseeing government actions. Signup and view all the answers

How did Parliament control the absolute monarchs?

By passing laws that limited the power of the monarchy and asserting their own authority over governance. Signup and view all the answers

How did the English monarchs control Parliament?

By appointing influential members, dissolving Parliament, and using royal assent. Signup and view all the answers

How did mercantilism help Louis XIV and how did he hurt France's economy?

Mercantilism helped Louis XIV by increasing state control over the economy, leading to national wealth through trade and colonial expansion. However, it also hurt France's economy by creating trade imbalances and stifling competition, which ultimately weakened the economy. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Europeans use Native Americans as slaves?

To exploit their labor for agricultural and resource production. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Europeans start using Africans as slaves?

To meet labor demands in plantations and mines, as well as to exploit the economic opportunities in the New World. They were more resistant to disease that the Native-Americans. Signup and view all the answers

How were European monarchs alike?

They believed in divine right to rule, practiced mercantilism and the slave trade, and they were jealous of each other and always at war. Signup and view all the answers

How were European monarchs different?

They differed in terms of religion, economics, and military emphasis. Signup and view all the answers

Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris