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Questions and Answers
What enters the kidney through the renal artery?
What enters the kidney through the renal artery?
Blood from the body
What does the kidney filter from the blood?
What does the kidney filter from the blood?
Urea, excess water, minerals, and other waste products
Which of the following structures are part of a nephron? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following structures are part of a nephron? (Select all that apply)
- Tubule (correct)
- Renal vein
- Bowman's capsule (correct)
- Glomerulus (correct)
What is the function of the glomerulus?
What is the function of the glomerulus?
The _____ in nephron is responsible for reabsorbing water and substances back into the blood.
The _____ in nephron is responsible for reabsorbing water and substances back into the blood.
Blood cells are filtered out of the capillaries into the Bowman's capsule.
Blood cells are filtered out of the capillaries into the Bowman's capsule.
What is the filtrate called after reabsorption in the nephron?
What is the filtrate called after reabsorption in the nephron?
What transports urine to the bladder?
What transports urine to the bladder?
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Study Notes
Kidney Functions and Anatomy
- Kidneys filter waste from blood, including urea, excess water, and minerals.
- Blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery.
- Main structures include the renal cortex (houses renal corpuscles) and renal medulla (contains loops of Henle and tubules).
Nephron Structure and Processes
- Nephrons are the functional units of the kidney responsible for filtration.
Filtration Process
- Blood enters the nephron via capillaries leading to the glomerulus, a tangle of capillaries.
- The glomerulus is encased in the Bowman's capsule, where filtration occurs.
- High pressure in the glomerular capillaries pushes small molecules into the Bowman's capsule, excluding blood cells.
- The resulting filtrate flows into the renal tubule.
Renal Corpuscle Components
- Comprised of Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, capillaries, and tubule.
Reabsorption Phase
- As filtrate travels through the renal tubule, essential substances and water are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
- The Loop of Henle plays a significant role in the reabsorption process.
Urine Excretion
- After filtration and reabsorption, the remaining fluid is termed urine.
- Collecting ducts transport urine to the ureters for storage in the bladder.
- Key structures involved include the vein, artery, collecting duct, renal artery, renal vein, and ureters.
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