Kidney Non-neoplastic Vascular and Cystic Diseases Pathology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the protein complex regulated by PKD genes?

  • Regulation of extracellular Mg2+ in response to fluid flow
  • Regulation of intracellular Na+ in response to fluid flow
  • Regulation of extracellular K+ in response to fluid flow
  • Regulation of intracellular Ca2+ in response to fluid flow (correct)

What is the consequence of mutation in either PKD genes?

  • Increased intracellular Na+
  • Loss of polycystin complex or formation of an aberrant complex (correct)
  • Formation of a normal polycystin complex
  • Decreased intracellular Ca2+

What is the ultimate outcome of increased intracellular Ca2+ in epithelial cells?

  • Induction of apoptosis
  • Inhibition of proliferation and secretion
  • Differentiation of epithelial cells
  • Stimulation of proliferation and secretion (correct)

What is the characteristic of the protein encoded by the PKD1 gene?

<p>Large 460-kD integral membrane protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region of the epithelial cells is polycystin-1 primarily located?

<p>Large extracellular region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of polycystin-2?

<p>Ca2+-permeable cation channel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age is the likelihood of renal failure approximately 35%?

<p>40 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cyst fluid in PKD?

<p>Contains mediators derived from epithelial cells that enhance fluid secretion and induce inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the PKD2 gene?

<p>Chromosome 4q21 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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