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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate arterial blood pressure (ABP)?
What is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate arterial blood pressure (ABP)?
- By releasing atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to induce sodium excretion
- By modulating the renin-angiotensin system to control vasoconstriction
- By secreting aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to control sodium and water retention
- By regulating plasma volume and extracellular fluid (ECF) volume (correct)
What is the primary mechanism by which a decrease in ABP leads to an increase in ABP?
What is the primary mechanism by which a decrease in ABP leads to an increase in ABP?
- Decreased ANP secretion, leading to decreased sodium excretion and increased ECF volume
- Increased renin release, leading to angiotensin II formation and subsequent vasoconstriction and salt and water retention
- Increased atrial mechanoreceptor discharge, leading to increased aldosterone and ADH secretion, resulting in salt and water retention
- Decreased atrial mechanoreceptor discharge, leading to increased aldosterone and ADH secretion, resulting in salt and water retention (correct)
What is the primary mechanism by which angiotensin II increases ABP?
What is the primary mechanism by which angiotensin II increases ABP?
- By inducing vasoconstriction of arterioles, increasing peripheral resistance
- By inducing vasoconstriction of veins, increasing venous return to the heart
- By promoting salt and water retention, increasing ECF volume and venous return
- All of the above mechanisms contribute to increasing ABP (correct)
What is the role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in regulating ABP?
What is the role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in regulating ABP?
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What is the primary mechanism by which an increase in ABP leads to a decrease in ABP?
What is the primary mechanism by which an increase in ABP leads to a decrease in ABP?
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What is the primary trigger for the renin-angiotensin system to increase ABP?
What is the primary trigger for the renin-angiotensin system to increase ABP?
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