Kidney Function Assessment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most common cause of glomerulonephritis?

  • IgA nephropathy (correct)
  • Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
  • Interstitial nephritis
  • Membranous glomerulopathy
  • Which of the following is the most common cause of acute tubular necrosis?

  • Toxins
  • Inflammation
  • Ischemia (correct)
  • Obstruction
  • Which of the following is the most common cause of interstitial nephritis?

  • Autoimmune disorders
  • Malignancy
  • Drugs (correct)
  • Infections
  • Which of the following is the most characteristic feature of membranous glomerulopathy?

    <p>Subepithelial immune deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary function of the glomerulus?

    <p>Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types is responsible for the structural integrity of the glomerular basement membrane?

    <p>Podocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of acute tubular necrosis in the setting of acute kidney injury?

    <p>Sepsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of acute tubular necrosis?

    <p>Exposure to nephrotoxic agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining histological feature of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis?

    <p>Segmental scarring and obliteration of the glomerular tuft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of membranous glomerulopathy?

    <p>Autoimmune disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of interstitial nephritis?

    <p>Acute pyelonephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is responsible for the filtration of blood in the kidney?

    <p>Glomeruli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key function of the renal tubules?

    <p>Reabsorption and secretion of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the renal cortex?

    <p>Filtration of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the renal medulla?

    <p>Responsible for urine concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathophysiology of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis?

    <p>Circulating factor causing protein leak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age group is commonly affected by Minimal Change Nephropathy?

    <p>Children and young men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is typically used for Membranous Glomerulopathy?

    <p>Steroids and cyclophosphamide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic presentation of Membranous Glomerulopathy?

    <p>Massive proteinuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common association with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis?

    <p>Minimal change disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the progression of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis to ESKD?

    <p>Focal to global sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is most commonly drug-related and may present with fever, arthralgia, and rash?

    <p>Interstitial nephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of kidney injury is characterized by distinct phases that can overlap, such as oliguric and polyuric phases?

    <p>Acute tubular necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kidney condition is associated with wedge-shaped areas of inflammation in the renal cortex that can lead to kidney injury?

    <p>Pyelonephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of acute kidney injury is defined by more than just pre-renal causes, affecting the kidneys through toxins and microvascular factors?

    <p>Sepsis-induced kidney injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following kidney conditions is likely to respond to steroids and usually has no long-term complications?

    <p>Interstitial nephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of kidney injury is broadly divided into ischemic and inflammatory/toxin-induced categories?

    <p>Acute tubular necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition presents with 40% of cases showing a presentation similar to nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary cause of acute tubular necrosis?

    <p>Ischemic injury due to hypoperfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which part of the glomerulus is primarily affected?

    <p>Podocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary pathological feature of membranous glomerulopathy?

    <p>Deposition of immune complexes in the subepithelial space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is primarily affected in acute interstitial nephritis?

    <p>Renal interstitium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

    <p>Filtration of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is responsible for the reabsorption of water and solutes?

    <p>Proximal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the loop of Henle in the nephron?

    <p>Concentration of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is responsible for the final regulation of urine composition?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

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