Kidney Disease and Electrolyte Imbalance

Learn about how kidney disease can lead to electrolyte imbalance, affecting water excretion and balance in the body. Explore the functions of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and more in regulating volume, osmotic balance, enzyme regulation, ATPase ion pump, acid-base balance, and blood coagulation.

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@MatureQuartz

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Questions and Answers

What medical condition is characterized by the overproduction of sticky and thick mucus high in chloride and affects sweat glands?

Cystic fibrosis

What role do functions like maintaining osmolality, blood volume, and electroneutrality play in the body?

Maintaining electrolyte balance

Why does hypernatremia result in hyperchloremia?

Chloride leads the movement of sodium

Which method is most commonly used to measure chloride levels in a sample?

ISE (Ion selective electrode) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called that is used to measure sweat electrolytes, especially chloride in cystic fibrosis?

Iontophoresis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions prevents the retention of sodium and consequently prevents the retention of chloride?

Aldosterone deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte is responsible for volume and osmotic regulation in the body?

Sodium (Na) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of potassium (K) in the body?

Myocardial rhythm and contractility Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte is involved in the regulation of ATPase Ion Pump?

Magnesium (Mg) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major function of calcium (Ca) in the body?

Blood coagulation Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte helps in determining the cell volume in the body?

Potassium (K) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is the most routinely used for sodium determination?

Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) Signup and view all the answers

What are symptoms of hypernatremia?

Altered mental status, lethargy, muscle twitching Signup and view all the answers

What is the major extracellular anion?

Chloride Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defense mechanism against hypernatremia and hyperosmolality?

Thirst Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue with Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) in the presence of hyperproteinemia?

Protein coating on the electrode Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Cl- shift in relation to Na and HCO3?

Cl- shift is secondary to the movement of Na and HCO3 Signup and view all the answers

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