Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements about the kidneys of pigs and oxen is true?
Which of the following statements about the kidneys of pigs and oxen is true?
- Bovine kidneys possess a renal pelvis.
- Each pyramid in pig and ox kidneys opens into its own collecting section. (correct)
- The left kidney of equines is located further forward than the right kidney.
- Pigs and oxen have unipyramidal kidneys.
What is the main difference between open and closed castration concerning material flow?
What is the main difference between open and closed castration concerning material flow?
- Open castration allows material from the abdomen to flow into the duct.
- Only open castration is quicker due to less complexity.
- Both methods provide equal protection against material flow.
- Closed castration prevents material from the abdomen from entering the duct. (correct)
Which structure indicates the presence of the cortex in the kidney?
Which structure indicates the presence of the cortex in the kidney?
- Minor calyx
- Collecting duct
- Renal pelvis
- Glomerulus (correct)
What is a characteristic feature of the equine right kidney?
What is a characteristic feature of the equine right kidney?
What is the function of microvilli in the kidneys?
What is the function of microvilli in the kidneys?
Flashcards
Minor Calyx
Minor Calyx
Each pyramid in a multipyramidal kidney has its own collecting section called a minor calyx.
Major Calyx
Major Calyx
The collecting sections in multipyramidal kidneys merge to form the major calyx, which further connects to the renal pelvis.
Epididymis
Epididymis
The epididymis is a long, coiled tube connected to the testes where sperm cells mature and are stored.
Castration
Castration
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Open Castration
Open Castration
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Study Notes
Kidney Structure and Function
- Pigs and oxen have multipyramidal kidneys, while cats, dogs, and horses have unipyramidal kidneys.
- Each pyramid opens into its own collecting section.
- The minor calyx is present in oxen.
- Each structure in pigs and oxen is a lobe.
- Collecting sections collect fluid from collective ducts.
- In equine kidneys, the left kidney is situated further back than the right kidney, which has a heart shape.
- In bovine kidneys, minor calyces join to form major calyces.
- Bovine kidneys lack a renal pelvis.
- The presence of a glomerulus indicates you are in the cortex.
Microscopic Structures
- Microvilli increase surface area.
- The term "corpus glandus" refers to an area of tissue with spaces that can fill with blood.
Reproductive System
- Key structures to know in the reproductive system are the corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, and the urethra.
- Duct efferents enter the epidermis.
- Closed castration is quicker but carries a risk of abdominal material entering the duct. Open castration is better because it prevents abdominal material from entering the duct and makes tying it off easier.
- The epididymis is where sperm travel.
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