Kidney and Reproductive System Anatomy

Which of the following statements about the kidneys of pigs and oxen is true?

What is the main difference between open and closed castration concerning material flow?

Which structure indicates the presence of the cortex in the kidney?

What is a characteristic feature of the equine right kidney?

What is the function of microvilli in the kidneys?

Kidney Structure and Function

Pigs and oxen have multipyramidal kidneys, while cats, dogs, and horses have unipyramidal kidneys.
Each pyramid opens into its own collecting section.
The minor calyx is present in oxen.
Each structure in pigs and oxen is a lobe.
Collecting sections collect fluid from collective ducts.
In equine kidneys, the left kidney is situated further back than the right kidney, which has a heart shape.
In bovine kidneys, minor calyces join to form major calyces.
Bovine kidneys lack a renal pelvis.
The presence of a glomerulus indicates you are in the cortex.

Microscopic Structures

Microvilli increase surface area.
The term "corpus glandus" refers to an area of tissue with spaces that can fill with blood.

Reproductive System

Key structures to know in the reproductive system are the corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, and the urethra.
Duct efferents enter the epidermis.
Closed castration is quicker but carries a risk of abdominal material entering the duct. Open castration is better because it prevents abdominal material from entering the duct and makes tying it off easier.
The epididymis is where sperm travel.

This quiz covers the structure and function of kidneys in various animals, as well as key components of the reproductive system. You'll learn about the differences in kidney structure among species and the microscopic features that facilitate their functions. Test your knowledge on these essential biological systems!