Kidney and Nephron Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which part of the kidney is responsible for reabsorbing salt with energy?

  • Medulla
  • Cortex
  • Ascending loop of Henle (correct)
  • Ureter

Where does filtration take place in the nephron?

  • Proximal convoluted tubules
  • Glomerulus (correct)
  • Distal convoluted tubules
  • Nephron loop

What is the function of the collecting duct in the nephron?

  • Reabsorption of water (correct)
  • Secretion of hormones
  • Reabsorption of salt
  • Filtration of waste products

What is the main factor that increases the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

<p>Increased contractility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of podocytes in the glomerulus?

<p>Creation of slits for fluid filtration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

<p>Blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorbing water due to osmolarity?

<p>Descending loop of Henle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubules in the nephron?

<p>Reabsorption of salt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the collecting duct in the nephron lead to?

<p>Renal pyramids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured?

<p>By inulin or creatine clearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is used to measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

<p>Inulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where in the nephron are glucose and amino acids reabsorbed?

<p>Proximal convoluted tubules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is reabsorbed in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

<p>Sodium (Na+) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is required for the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) in the distal convoluted tubules?

<p>Aldosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is reabsorbed in the collecting ducts?

<p>Water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of urea in maintaining the medullary gradient?

<p>Urea sets up concentration gradient in medulla to help push out water and in salt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released when blood pressure is low and leads to the release of angiotensin II?

<p>Renin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes the reabsorption of salt and the release of ADH?

<p>Aldosterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with an increase in pH and a decrease in CO2 levels?

<p>Hyperventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a decrease in pH and an increase in CO2 levels?

<p>Asthma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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