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Questions and Answers
What characteristic of living organisms describes their complex organization based on cellular structures?
What characteristic of living organisms describes their complex organization based on cellular structures?
Which term describes the ability of organisms to react to environmental changes?
Which term describes the ability of organisms to react to environmental changes?
Which of the following is essential for the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism?
Which of the following is essential for the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism?
What process do living organisms undergo to produce new individuals of the same species?
What process do living organisms undergo to produce new individuals of the same species?
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Which property of living organisms is involved in the conversion of food into usable energy?
Which property of living organisms is involved in the conversion of food into usable energy?
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Which of the following is NOT a major class of biological macromolecules?
Which of the following is NOT a major class of biological macromolecules?
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What process describes the combination of monomers to form larger molecules while releasing water?
What process describes the combination of monomers to form larger molecules while releasing water?
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Which type of protein is primarily involved in maintaining and supporting cell structure?
Which type of protein is primarily involved in maintaining and supporting cell structure?
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What are the smaller building blocks of macromolecules known as?
What are the smaller building blocks of macromolecules known as?
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Which class of biological macromolecules serves as a major source of energy for the body?
Which class of biological macromolecules serves as a major source of energy for the body?
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Which elements are common to all living organisms?
Which elements are common to all living organisms?
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What is biology primarily the study of?
What is biology primarily the study of?
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Which of the following elements is the least abundant in the Earth's crust?
Which of the following elements is the least abundant in the Earth's crust?
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What do nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids have in common?
What do nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids have in common?
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In comparison to the atmosphere, what is the approximate percentage of oxygen in living organisms?
In comparison to the atmosphere, what is the approximate percentage of oxygen in living organisms?
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Which component is found in all cells?
Which component is found in all cells?
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What is a defining characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
What is a defining characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
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What role does the peptidoglycan cell wall play in prokaryotic cells?
What role does the peptidoglycan cell wall play in prokaryotic cells?
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Which structure is responsible for protein synthesis in cells?
Which structure is responsible for protein synthesis in cells?
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What is the main function of flagella in prokaryotic cells?
What is the main function of flagella in prokaryotic cells?
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How do single-celled organisms reproduce?
How do single-celled organisms reproduce?
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What role do genes play in the reproduction of multicellular organisms?
What role do genes play in the reproduction of multicellular organisms?
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What is the primary factor that dictates an organism's growth and development?
What is the primary factor that dictates an organism's growth and development?
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Which of the following is an example of an internal function regulated in organisms?
Which of the following is an example of an internal function regulated in organisms?
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What is a characteristic of specialized reproductive germline cells in multicellular organisms?
What is a characteristic of specialized reproductive germline cells in multicellular organisms?
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What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?
What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?
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What is the structure that forms the folds within the mitochondria?
What is the structure that forms the folds within the mitochondria?
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What fills the cavity of the mitochondria?
What fills the cavity of the mitochondria?
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How does the number and size of mitochondria relate to a cell's energy needs?
How does the number and size of mitochondria relate to a cell's energy needs?
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What type of DNA do mitochondria contain?
What type of DNA do mitochondria contain?
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What does the term 'cell' refer to in biology?
What does the term 'cell' refer to in biology?
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What is one feature that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
What is one feature that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
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Who was instrumental in the improvement of the microscope, allowing for the discovery of bacteria and blood cells?
Who was instrumental in the improvement of the microscope, allowing for the discovery of bacteria and blood cells?
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Which of the following organelles is NOT present in eukaryotic cells?
Which of the following organelles is NOT present in eukaryotic cells?
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Which of the following statements best describes the unified cell theory?
Which of the following statements best describes the unified cell theory?
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Which characteristic is true only for plant cells compared to animal cells?
Which characteristic is true only for plant cells compared to animal cells?
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Why are individual cells not visible to the naked eye?
Why are individual cells not visible to the naked eye?
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Which statement correctly reflects the role of microscopes in studying cells?
Which statement correctly reflects the role of microscopes in studying cells?
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What type of genetic exchange do pili facilitate in prokaryotic cells?
What type of genetic exchange do pili facilitate in prokaryotic cells?
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Which statement about the cell wall is correct?
Which statement about the cell wall is correct?
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What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?
What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?
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What is the primary composition of cytoplasm?
What is the primary composition of cytoplasm?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of cytoplasm?
Which of the following is NOT a function of cytoplasm?
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How do nuclear pores form in the nuclear envelope?
How do nuclear pores form in the nuclear envelope?
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What would happen to a cell if it lacked cytoplasm?
What would happen to a cell if it lacked cytoplasm?
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What is the primary function of homeostasis in organisms?
What is the primary function of homeostasis in organisms?
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Which statement about energy processing in organisms is accurate?
Which statement about energy processing in organisms is accurate?
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What is the correct sequence of the levels of organization of living things, from smallest to largest?
What is the correct sequence of the levels of organization of living things, from smallest to largest?
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Which factor is NOT crucial for maintaining homeostasis in cells?
Which factor is NOT crucial for maintaining homeostasis in cells?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of living organisms based on the content?
Which of the following is a characteristic of living organisms based on the content?
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Study Notes
Key Properties of Living Organisms
- Biology is the science that studies living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments.
- Biology includes many branches and subdisciplines, such as molecular biology, microbiology, neurobiology, zoology, and botany.
- All living organisms share several key properties.
1. Order
- Organisms are highly organized, coordinated structures.
- Even simple, single-celled organisms are remarkably complex.
- Atoms make up molecules, which make up cellular organelles and other cellular inclusions.
- In multicellular organisms, similar cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organs form organ systems.
- Organs work together to form organ systems with a distinct function.
2. Sensitivity or Response to Stimuli
- Organisms respond to diverse stimuli.
- Example: Plants bend toward a light source.
- Movement toward a stimulus is a positive response; movement away from a stimulus is a negative response.
- Even tiny bacteria can move toward or away from chemicals (chemotaxis) or light (phototaxis).
3. Reproduction
- Living things reproduce to create more of their kind.
- Single-celled organisms reproduce by duplicating their DNA.
- Multicellular organisms produce cells that form new individuals.
- Reproduction ensures offspring will belong to the same species.
- Offspring will have similar characteristics, such as size and shape.
4. Growth and Development
- Organisms grow and develop according to specific instructions coded for by their genes.
- Genes provide instructions for cellular growth and development ensuring young will grow up to exhibit many of the same characteristics as its parents.
5. Regulation
- Even the smallest organisms are complex and require regulatory mechanisms to coordinate internal functions.
- Organisms respond to stimuli and cope with environmental stresses.
- Two examples of internal functions regulated by organisms are nutrient transport and blood flow.
6. Homeostasis
- Organisms maintain relatively stable internal conditions.
- Homeostasis (literally, steady state) enables these stable conditions despite environmental changes.
7. Energy Processing
- All organisms use a source of energy for their metabolic activities.
- Some capture energy from the sun, while others use chemical energy from food.
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Description
Explore the fundamental characteristics that define living organisms in this biology quiz. Learn about the organization of cells, tissues, and organs, as well as how organisms respond to environmental stimuli. Test your understanding of these key properties crucial to the study of life.
