Kennedy Presidency and Foreign Policy Issues
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Questions and Answers

Which of these statements accurately reflects the impact of the Vietnam War on American society and politics in the 1960s?

  • The Vietnam War helped foster a sense of unity and patriotism among Americans.
  • The Vietnam War had little impact on the 1968 presidential election.
  • Public opposition to the Vietnam War was limited to a small group of pacifists.
  • The Vietnam War fueled widespread anti-war sentiment, contributed to social unrest, and divided the nation politically. (correct)

    • Which of the following events contributed to Lyndon B. Johnson's decision not to seek reelection in 1968?

  • Widespread anti-war protests, the Tet Offensive, and the growing divisions within the Democratic party. (correct)
  • A surge in support for his policies among the American public.
  • The growing popularity of Richard Nixon.
  • The successful implementation of the Great Society programs.

    • Which of the following individuals is NOT associated with the countercultural movement of the 1960s?

  • James Dean
  • Richard Nixon (correct)
  • Allen Ginsberg
  • Jack Kerouac

    • What was a major contribution of Alfred Kinsey's work in terms of social change in the 1960s?

    <p>Kinsey's research contributed to a more open discussion of sexuality and challenged traditional views. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the countercultural movement of the 1960s challenge the prevailing social norms and values of the time?

    <p>By advocating for individual freedom, experimentation, and questioning authority. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes John F. Kennedy's election in 1960?

    <p>He was the first Catholic president. (A), He was notably challenged on his religious beliefs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key goals of Kennedy's proposed Peace Corps?

    <p>To assist underdeveloped countries with skills. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the approach taken by Defense Secretary McNamara known as?

    <p>Flexible response. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event significantly escalated tensions between the U.S. and Cuba during Kennedy's presidency?

    <p>The Cuban Missile Crisis. (A), The Bay of Pigs Invasion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Kennedy's administration handle the African Congo's struggle for independence?

    <p>They sent a United Nations peacekeeping force. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the Cuban Confrontations is emphasized in Kennedy's approach?

    <p>Support for anti-communist efforts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

    <p>It pushed Fidel Castro closer to the Soviet Union. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the 'freedom summer' of 1964 regarding the murder of civil rights workers?

    <p>An all-white jury refused to convict the suspects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leader is closely associated with advocating for violent action as part of the black power movement?

    <p>Malcolm X (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did LBJ's Great Society program aim to address?

    <p>Eliminating poverty and racial discrimination. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization did Stokely Carmichael lead, advocating for a new approach to civil rights?

    <p>Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant legislation did LBJ push through Congress in 1964?

    <p>The Civil Rights Act (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who assassinated Malcolm X in 1965?

    <p>A Nation of Islam member (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one outcome of the voter-registration campaign led by Martin Luther King, Jr. in Selma, Alabama?

    <p>King's nonviolent tactics prompted violent opposition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) aim to eliminate?

    <p>Discriminatory hiring practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which senator was LBJ's key opponent during the 1964 election, known for his criticism of federal programs?

    <p>Barry Goldwater (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the public's reaction to Michael Harrington's The Other America?

    <p>It spurred action against poverty. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did Johnson take in response to the Tonkin Gulf Incident?

    <p>He issued the Tonkin Gulf Resolution, expanding military actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which program was created during Johnson's administration to assist the underprivileged in education?

    <p>Project Head Start (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable result of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965?

    <p>It increased the annual immigration limit to 290,000. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the goals of Johnson's Great Society programs?

    <p>Providing aid to education and medical care for the needy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who led the opposition to the Vietnam War in the Senate?

    <p>William Fulbright (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the CIA play regarding antiwar activists during Johnson's presidency?

    <p>It gathered intelligence on domestic antiwar movements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Johnson's administration approach funding for education in the Great Society programs?

    <p>By providing funds to students rather than institutions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the outcomes of the Six-Day War involving Israel?

    <p>Israel defeated Egypt and gained new territories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which department was created by Johnson as part of his domestic policy initiatives?

    <p>Department of Transportation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Johnson's Great Society aim to tackle in Appalachia?

    <p>Economic opportunities and infrastructure issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary outcome of the U.S. and Soviet negotiations during the Cuban Missile Crisis?

    <p>The Soviets agreed to remove missiles if the U.S. vowed never to invade Cuba again. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant measure taken by Kennedy to facilitate communication during potential crises?

    <p>Installation of the 'hot line' between Washington D.C. and Moscow. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action did Kennedy take in response to James Meredith's attempt to enroll at the University of Mississippi?

    <p>He sent federal marshals and troops to ensure Meredith's enrollment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event highlighted the violent resistance to civil rights protests in Birmingham, Alabama?

    <p>A bombing that killed four black girls in a church. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What legislative action did Lyndon B. Johnson take to combat racial discrimination in voting?

    <p>The Voting Rights Act of 1965, which outlawed literacy tests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the reactions of police during Martin Luther King, Jr.'s peaceful demonstrations?

    <p>They used high-pressure water hoses against the protesters. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the significant reforms implemented as a result of the 24th Amendment?

    <p>The elimination of poll taxes in federal elections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did the assassination of JFK have on the American public's perception?

    <p>It emphasized the loss of a charismatic and vibrant leader. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group did Kennedy encourage to help register the Southern black population to vote?

    <p>The SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Kennedy Presidency

    • Kennedy, a Democratic candidate, won the 1960 Presidential election against Richard Nixon.
    • He was the youngest president to be elected.
    • Kennedy's policies were termed the "New Frontier."
    • His cabinet included his brother Robert Kennedy as Attorney General.
    • He proposed the Peace Corps, a program of idealistic volunteers to work in underdeveloped countries.
    • Key policy included "flexible response" - a range of military options to match the seriousness of the crisis.

    Foreign Policy Issues

    • The Congo experienced unrest after gaining independence. The UN sent peacekeepers.
    • Laos, post-French withdrawal, faced communist threats. A fragile peace accord was imposed via Geneva Conference
    • Tensions with Cuba: Bay of Pigs invasion was unsuccessful, increasing Fidel Castro's ties to communism.
    • The Cuban Missile Crisis involved the discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba, bringing the world to the brink of nuclear war. The crisis ended with the removal of missiles and a hotline between the US and USSR.

    Civil Rights

    • Kennedy's stance on civil rights was initially hesitant, though he did encourage progress.
    • There were violent reactions to civil rights marches and demonstrations.
    • The struggle for civil rights continued amidst turmoil.
    • The assassinations of civil rights leaders and activists added to the tension and violence.

    Vietnam

    • The US was increasingly involved in the Vietnam War.
    • Opposition to the war and the draft grew.
    • The war further divided the nation.
    • The Tet Offensive weakened the US public support for the war effort.

    Supreme Court

    • Earl Warren led a controversial Supreme Court.
    • The court made landmark decisions.
    • These decisions, including those about civil rights and privacy, led to considerable court criticism.
    • The Court expanded the rights of the accused and limited government restrictions in areas such as education and religion.
    • Nixon replaced some Supreme Court justices to change the court's conservative leanings.

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    The 1960s: A Decade of Change PDF

    Description

    This quiz examines the key elements of President John F. Kennedy's presidency, focusing on his domestic policies like the New Frontier and the establishment of the Peace Corps. It also delves into significant foreign policy challenges he faced, including the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Bay of Pigs invasion. Test your knowledge on these pivotal moments in American history.

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