Karen Horney's Psychoanalytic Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the main goals of Karen Horney's psychoanalytic social theory?

  • To analyze cognitive behavioral methods in therapy
  • To explore the biological basis of personality development
  • To explain the impact of social influences on personality development (correct)
  • To investigate dream analysis in personal growth

Which of the following concepts is NOT associated with Horney's theory?

  • Psychosexual stages (correct)
  • Basic anxiety
  • Self-hatred
  • Basic hostility

What does Horney’s concept of 'idealized self-image' refer to?

  • A self-image based solely on cultural standards
  • An accurate self-assessment of personal abilities
  • The positive perception of oneself based on reality
  • A distorted image of oneself that one strives to achieve (correct)

What role does Karen Horney attribute to culture in personality development?

<p>It is the primary factor influencing both neurotic and normal development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is consistent with Horney's views on relationships?

<p>Close relationships are crucial for healthy development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant events in Horney's personal life that shaped her theories?

<p>Her experience of being favored less than her sibling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key theme in Horney's discussion of neurotic needs?

<p>They must be examined and reflected upon for personal growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Horney mean by 'modern culture being based on competition'?

<p>It creates an environment where individuals view others as competitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is most decisive in determining personality growth according to Horney?

<p>Social relationship between the child and the parents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primary needs in childhood identified in the content?

<p>Need for satisfaction and need for safety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to feelings of basic anxiety in a child?

<p>Parental behavior that frustrates the need for safety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, repressed hostility can lead to what feeling in the child?

<p>Basic anxiety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do neurotics generally protect themselves against feelings of isolation?

<p>Engaging in neurotic defenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parental behaviors may frustrate a child's need for safety?

<p>Erratic behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to happen if a child's need for satisfaction is not met?

<p>The child may develop basic hostility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feeling does basic anxiety represent according to the content?

<p>A feeling of isolation and helplessness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of neurotic needs compared to normal needs?

<p>Neurotic needs cause greater anxiety when unmet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a neurotic need?

<p>Need for financial security (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do neurotics tend to view their strategies in relation to their needs?

<p>They are limited to a single trend or strategy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotic need relates specifically to social validation?

<p>Need for social recognition or prestige (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the emotional state of normal individuals from that of neurotics?

<p>Normal people are free to choose their actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of the 'tyranny of the shoulds' on neurotics?

<p>It often leads to compulsive behaviors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the neurotic need for perfection?

<p>It is often linked to feelings of inadequacy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotic need could lead to a tendency to dominate others?

<p>Need for power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the neurotic need of moving towards people?

<p>Striving for affection and approval (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotic need involves an aggressive approach towards others?

<p>Moving against people (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary expression of the neurotic's need for privacy and independence?

<p>Resigning solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do compliant neurotics perceive their idealized self-image?

<p>As good and saintly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the neurotic's tendency to accuse themselves harshly?

<p>Self-hatred (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Feminist psychology argues that the Oedipus complex results from what?

<p>Environmental conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do healthy individuals possess that neurotic individuals lack?

<p>Free choice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of personality development, which aspect do neurotics primarily focus on?

<p>Causal childhood experiences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Horney's Social Theory

A theory emphasizing the impact of social and cultural factors on personality development, focusing on how unmet needs in childhood lead to anxiety and hostility.

Basic Anxiety

A feeling of isolation and helplessness in a hostile world, arising from unmet childhood needs and leading to a sense of insecurity.

Basic Hostility

A deep resentment towards others due to unfulfilled needs in childhood, which can lead to feelings of anger and mistrust.

Idealized Self-Image

An unrealistic, idealized view of oneself, often built on a desire for perfection and approval.

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Self-Hatred

A negative and self-critical view of oneself, rooted in a discrepancy between the idealized self-image and reality.

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Neurotic Needs

Unrealistic and demanding desires that drive individuals to seek validation and control in unhealthy ways.

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Affection and Approval

A neurotic need to gain the approval and acceptance of others, often at the expense of personal autonomy.

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Powerful Partner

A neurotic need to rely on a dominant figure to fulfill needs, sacrificing personal power and independence.

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Narrow Life Borders

A neurotic need to limit experiences and avoid uncertainty, leading to a fearful and restricted life.

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Exploitation

A neurotic need to use others for personal gain and control, disregarding their needs and feelings.

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Tyranny of the 'Shoulds'

The experience of overwhelming and unrealistic expectations, leading to self-criticism and internal conflicts.

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Neurotic Defenses

Unhealthy coping mechanisms employed to manage anxiety and avoid facing reality, leading to rigid patterns of behavior.

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Affection (Neurotic Defense)

Attempting to gain love and approval through exaggerated compliance or material offerings to avoid rejection.

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Submissiveness (Neurotic Defense)

Yielding to authority or other individuals for security, sacrificing personal autonomy to avoid conflict.

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Power (Neurotic Defense)

Striving to control others or acquire possessions to compensate for feelings of inadequacy and lack of control.

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Withdrawal (Neurotic Defense)

Emotionally detaching from others to protect oneself from further hurt or rejection, leading to isolation and loneliness.

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Compulsive Drive

An intense and rigid drive to fulfill neurotic needs, leading to unhealthy and self-defeating behaviors.

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Normal vs. Neurotic Behavior

Normal individuals are self-aware and make choices; neurotics are driven by their needs, leading to rigid and unhealthy behaviors.

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Intrapersonal Conflicts

Internal conflicts arising from the clash between an idealized self-image and a self-critical view of oneself.

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Feminist Psychology Contributions

Horney challenged Freudian concepts like the Oedipus complex, attributing gender differences to cultural factors rather than biological ones.

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Concept of Humanity

Horney viewed healthy individuals as free-willed and striving for self-realization, while neurotics are controlled by their unmet needs.

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Role of the Unconscious

Horney emphasized the role of the unconscious in driving neurotic behavior, highlighting its significance in understanding personality distortions.

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What did Horney believe was the root of basic anxiety?

Horney believed that basic anxiety stemmed from unmet childhood needs, leading to feelings of isolation and vulnerability.

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What is the idealized self-image?

The idealized self-image is an unrealistic and perfect image of oneself, often driven by a need for recognition and approval.

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What are neurotic needs?

Neurotic needs are exaggerated, unrealistic desires that drive individuals to seek validation and control in unhealthy ways.

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How does Horney contrast normal and neurotic behavior?

Horney suggests that normal individuals are more self-aware and can choose their actions. Neurotics are driven by their unmet needs leading to compulsive behaviors.

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What is the Tyranny of the 'Shoulds'?

The Tyranny of the 'Shoulds' refers to the self-imposed pressure of unrealistic expectations, leading to self-criticism and internal conflict.

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Study Notes

Karen Horney's Psychoanalytic Social Theory

  • Emphasizes the role of social influences in personality development.
  • Basic hostility and anxiety emerge from unmet childhood needs.
  • Distinction between idealized self-image and self-hatred, illustrating internal conflicts.
  • Encourages self-reflection on neurotic needs.

Personal Reflection Questions

  • Mental check: Importance of pleasing others and seeking validation.
  • Analyze preferences for routine versus change; impact on relationships.
  • Explore feelings of recognition, achievements, and emotional connections.

Karen Horney's Background

  • Youngest child with a contentious relationship with her father, idolized her mother.
  • Experienced feelings of being unwanted, driven to attain a medical profession.
  • Authored pivotal works, including "Neurosis and Human Growth" in 1950.

Impact of Culture on Personality

  • Modern culture fosters competition, influencing personality development.
  • Key relationships in childhood significantly shape adult personality.
  • Horney agrees with Freud on childhood's impact but disputes deterministic views based on anatomy.

Basic Hostility and Anxiety

  • Failure of parents to meet needs leads to basic hostility and anxiety.
  • Basic anxiety described as a sense of isolation and helplessness in a hostile world.

Neurotic Defenses

  • People utilize various defensive mechanisms to cope with anxiety:
    • Affection: Seek love through compliance or material offering.
    • Submissiveness: Yielding to people or institutions for security.
    • Power: Striving to dominate others or acquire possessions.
    • Withdrawal: Detaching emotionally to protect oneself.

Compulsive Drive

  • Neurotic defenses can escalate into unhealthy compulsions.
  • Increased anxiety if neurotic needs remain unmet, leading to unrealistic demands.

Tyranny of the Shoulds

  • Neurotic individuals often experience unrealistic expectations causing internal conflict.
  • Discussion prompts for personal identification of these pressures.

Types of Neurotic Needs

  • Affection and Approval: Seeking validation from others.
  • Powerful Partner: Relying on a dominant figure to fulfill needs.
  • Narrow Life Borders: Limiting experiences to reduce anxiety.
  • Exploitation: Using others for personal gain and self-interest.

Contrasting Normal and Neurotic Behavior

  • Normal individuals are self-aware and can choose actions; neurotics feel pressured by their needs.
  • Normal individuals encounter mild conflicts while neurotics face severe, persistent struggles.

Intrapersonal Conflicts

  • Neurotics grapple with a divided self: idealized self-image versus self-hatred.
  • Idealized self-image characterized by aspirations for glory, leading to neurotic pride and claims.
  • Self-hatred manifests as harsh self-criticism, frustration, and destructive impulses.

Feminist Psychology Contributions

  • Challenges Oedipus complex as stemming from cultural rather than biological factors.
  • Introduces concepts such as womb envy and masculine protest, exploring gender-based psychological development.

Concept of Humanity

  • Distinction between free will in healthy individuals and compulsive tendencies in neurotics.
  • Teleological perspective suggests natural goals of self-realization, while childhood experiences can hinder this growth.
  • Highlights the role of the unconscious in shaping neurotic behavior, emphasizing its prominence in neurotic individuals.

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Description

Explore Karen Horney's influential psychoanalytic social theory in this quiz. Learn about how social influences shape personality development, the dynamics of basic hostility, and the conflict between idealized self-image and self-hatred. Test your understanding of her key concepts and contributions to psychology.

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