Judicial Branch Flashcards

Study Notes

Courts of General Jurisdiction

Courts of general jurisdiction consist of both a judge and a jury, allowing for broader legal authority over various cases.

Federal Trial Courts

Federal trial courts possess original jurisdiction, meaning they are the first to hear specific types of cases.

Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction is the legal authority that enables federal courts to hear certain kinds of cases, defining the scope of their power.

Similarities Between Appellate Courts

Both state and federal appellate courts review decisions made by lower courts, playing a crucial role in the judicial process.

Appealing Decisions

Individuals dissatisfied with an appellate court's ruling have the option to escalate their case to a higher court for further review.

Role of Federal Appellate Judges

Judges in federal appellate courts assess whether there were any errors made by lower courts during case proceedings, ensuring judicial accuracy.

Structure of the Federal Court System

Beyond the Supreme Court, the federal court system includes both appellate and trial courts, creating a structured hierarchy for legal proceedings.

Process for State High Court Cases

For a case to be considered by a state high court, it must first undergo a selection process, filtering which cases are eligible for higher judicial review.

Appeal Rights in Federal Courts

A party that loses in a federal trial court has the right to appeal the decision to a higher federal court, enabling checks and balances in the judicial system.

Limited Jurisdiction of State and Local Courts

State and local trial courts operate under limited jurisdiction, meaning they only handle specific types of cases as defined by law.

Description

Test your knowledge of the U.S. Judicial Branch with these flashcards. Explore key concepts such as jurisdiction, types of courts, and their functions. Perfect for students preparing for civics exams or anyone interested in understanding the judicial system.