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Questions and Answers
What were some reasons for Rizal's arrest by Spanish authorities?
What were some reasons for Rizal's arrest by Spanish authorities?
- Possessing anti-Catholic writings (correct)
- Criticizing the government
- Publishing pro-Friar literature
- Attending anti-colonial meetings
Which profession did Rizal NOT actively pursue while in Dapitan?
Which profession did Rizal NOT actively pursue while in Dapitan?
- Lawyer (correct)
- Physician
- Businessman
- Educator
What was one of the agricultural advancements Rizal implemented in Dapitan?
What was one of the agricultural advancements Rizal implemented in Dapitan?
- Practicing traditional farming methods
- Eliminating crop rotation
- Introducing modern irrigation systems (correct)
- Planting only native crops
What type of projects did Rizal's students participate in as part of their education?
What type of projects did Rizal's students participate in as part of their education?
Which financial support did Rizal receive for his medical services?
Which financial support did Rizal receive for his medical services?
Which invention is attributed to Rizal in Dapitan?
Which invention is attributed to Rizal in Dapitan?
What was Rizal's contribution to the field of art during his time in Dapitan?
What was Rizal's contribution to the field of art during his time in Dapitan?
Which industry did Rizal engage in that involved fishing?
Which industry did Rizal engage in that involved fishing?
What significant event occurred at 3:00 a.m. in Rizal's last hours?
What significant event occurred at 3:00 a.m. in Rizal's last hours?
What request did Rizal make regarding how he wanted to be shot?
What request did Rizal make regarding how he wanted to be shot?
Who accompanied Rizal during his final march to the execution site?
Who accompanied Rizal during his final march to the execution site?
What did Rizal do after reading the Bible on the morning of his execution?
What did Rizal do after reading the Bible on the morning of his execution?
What was the reaction of Rizal to the crucifix offered by a priest before his execution?
What was the reaction of Rizal to the crucifix offered by a priest before his execution?
What is the significance of the phrase 'Consummatum est!' that Rizal exclaimed?
What is the significance of the phrase 'Consummatum est!' that Rizal exclaimed?
At what precise time did Rizal die on December 30, 1896?
At what precise time did Rizal die on December 30, 1896?
What was the composition of the firing squad that executed Rizal?
What was the composition of the firing squad that executed Rizal?
What was the nature of the court that tried Rizal?
What was the nature of the court that tried Rizal?
What did Rizal use to argue against the accusations made against him?
What did Rizal use to argue against the accusations made against him?
Which organization did Rizal claim was a civic association rather than a revolutionary one?
Which organization did Rizal claim was a civic association rather than a revolutionary one?
Which argument did Rizal make to support his innocence regarding the revolution?
Which argument did Rizal make to support his innocence regarding the revolution?
What was the outcome of Rizal's trial before he was officially arraigned?
What was the outcome of Rizal's trial before he was officially arraigned?
How did the change of governorship affect Rizal's trial?
How did the change of governorship affect Rizal's trial?
Which of the following points did Rizal use to argue he was not the leader of the revolution?
Which of the following points did Rizal use to argue he was not the leader of the revolution?
Why did Rizal claim his letters contained a bitter tone?
Why did Rizal claim his letters contained a bitter tone?
What event occurred shortly before Jose Rizal's execution on December 30, 1896?
What event occurred shortly before Jose Rizal's execution on December 30, 1896?
Which priest claimed to have solemnized the marriage of Jose Rizal and Josephine Bracken?
Which priest claimed to have solemnized the marriage of Jose Rizal and Josephine Bracken?
Which of the following statements reflects the doubt expressed by Jose Rizal's family regarding his alleged retraction?
Which of the following statements reflects the doubt expressed by Jose Rizal's family regarding his alleged retraction?
Fr. Pio Pi's role in the alleged retraction involved which of the following actions?
Fr. Pio Pi's role in the alleged retraction involved which of the following actions?
What remains a subject of debate among scholars regarding Jose Rizal's retraction?
What remains a subject of debate among scholars regarding Jose Rizal's retraction?
Which prominent figure expressed doubt over the validity of Rizal's alleged retraction?
Which prominent figure expressed doubt over the validity of Rizal's alleged retraction?
What was the main allegation against Jose Rizal just before his death?
What was the main allegation against Jose Rizal just before his death?
Who was responsible for documenting the story of Rizal's alleged retraction in 1917?
Who was responsible for documenting the story of Rizal's alleged retraction in 1917?
What was Rafael Palma's opinion regarding the retraction document attributed to Jose Rizal?
What was Rafael Palma's opinion regarding the retraction document attributed to Jose Rizal?
In which chapters of his book does Palma present his narrative on the alleged retraction of Rizal?
In which chapters of his book does Palma present his narrative on the alleged retraction of Rizal?
What notable position did Austin Coates hold in 1950?
What notable position did Austin Coates hold in 1950?
What is the title of Austin Coates's book about Jose Rizal?
What is the title of Austin Coates's book about Jose Rizal?
What did Austin Coates conclude about Jose Rizal's relationship with Josephine Bracken?
What did Austin Coates conclude about Jose Rizal's relationship with Josephine Bracken?
What does Austin Coates claim about Rizal's legacy?
What does Austin Coates claim about Rizal's legacy?
When did Jose Rizal stay in Hong Kong, prompting Austin Coates's interest in his life?
When did Jose Rizal stay in Hong Kong, prompting Austin Coates's interest in his life?
What aspect of the retraction does Coates emphasize in his analysis?
What aspect of the retraction does Coates emphasize in his analysis?
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Study Notes
Jose Rizal's Arrest and Imprisonment
- Rizal was arrested for publishing anti-Catholic and anti-friar books and articles.
- He was also found with a bundle of handbills titled "Pobres Frailes."
- His novel was dedicated to the GomBurZa (Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora).
Rizal's Life in Dapitan
- Rizal was exiled to Dapitan on June 17, 1896.
- He practiced medicine, providing free care to the underprivileged and charging wealthy patients.
- Rizal improved the water system and implemented street lighting in Dapitan.
- He established a school in Dapitan without a formal building, using community projects for tuition.
- Rizal planted various crops and fruits, including cacao, coffee, and sugarcane.
- He introduced modern agricultural machinery from the United States.
- Rizal also engaged in fishing, hemp, and copra industries.
- He invented a wooden brick-maker and a water irrigation system.
- He was an artist, sketching local scenery and fauna.
The Trial and Execution of Rizal
- Rizal’s belongings were confiscated, and he was declared guilty before his trial.
- The trial was conducted by a military court on December 26, 1896.
- Rizal presented twelve points to argue his innocence, including evidence of his opposition to rebellion.
- Rizal refused to be blindfolded during his execution.
- He requested to face the firing squad, but this was denied, and he was shot in the back.
The Retraction Controversy
- There are historical accounts claiming Rizal retracted his Masonic beliefs and converted to Catholicism before his execution.
- Jesuit priests Fr. Vicente Balaguer and Fr. Pio Pi claimed they convinced Rizal to retract.
- Scholars Rafael Palma and Austin Coates disputed the authenticity of the retraction, arguing it was a "pious fraud."
- There are several primary sources that discuss the retraction but no definitive conclusion has been reached.
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