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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of joints in the human body?
Which type of joint allows no movement or very little movement?
What type of joint is found between the first and second cervical vertebrae?
Which of the following pairs of joints are both categorized as synovial joints?
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Which type of joint is characterized by the presence of fibrous tissue connecting the articulating surfaces?
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Which type of joint primarily allows no movement?
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What classification is given to the joint between the vertebral bodies?
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In which joint is rotation the only possible movement?
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Which type of synovial joint resembles the hinge of a door?
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What type of movement is possible in a condyloid joint?
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Which joint is characterized by a ball-shaped head fitting into a socket-like concavity?
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What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?
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Which synovial joint classification involves flat or almost flat articular surfaces?
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Study Notes
Definition of Joints
- A joint is a connection between two or more bones
- Joints hold bones together
- Joints allow movement
- Joints provide space for bone growth
Function of Joints
- Allow for movement
- Provide space for bone growth
- Hold bones together
Types of Joints
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Fibrous Joints: bones are connected by fibrous tissue, allow minimal or no movement
- Examples: Sutures of the skull, Syndesmoses (between tibia & fibula, radius and ulna), Gomphoses (teeth in sockets)
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Cartilaginous Joints: bones are joined by cartilage
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Primary Cartilaginous Joint (Synchondroses): united by hyaline cartilage, no movement, temporary joints found in growing bones
- Example: Epiphyseal cartilage in long bones
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Secondary Cartilaginous Joint (Symphysis): united by fibrocartilage, small amount of movement
- Example: Joints between vertebral bodies, symphysis pubis
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Primary Cartilaginous Joint (Synchondroses): united by hyaline cartilage, no movement, temporary joints found in growing bones
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Synovial Joints: allow a wide range of movement
-
Structure:
- Articular surfaces covered by hyaline cartilage
- Articular cavity (joint space)
- Synovial fluid
- Fibrous capsule: surrounds the joint, synovial membrane lines the capsule and non-articulating surfaces
-
Structure:
Classification of Synovial Joints
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Plane or Gliding Joint: Flat or almost flat articular surfaces, allows bones to slide on each other
- Example: Between carpals, tarsals
-
Hinge Joint: Resembles a door hinge, allows flexion and extension
- Example: Elbow, knee, ankle, joints between phalanges
-
Pivot Joint: Central bony pivot surrounded by a ligamentous ring, allows rotation
- Example: Atlantoaxial, superior radioulnar joints
-
Condyloid Joint: Convex surface articulates with a concave surface
- Example: Wrist, metacarpophalangeal joints
-
Saddle Joint: Concavo-convex articular surfaces resembling a saddle, allows a variety of movements
- Example: Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
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Ball and Socket Joint: Ball-shaped head of one bone fits into a socket-like concavity of another, allows free movement in all directions
- Example: Shoulder, hip joints
Joints in the Human Body
-
Skull:
- Sutures (between skull bones)
- Temporo-mandibular (between skull and mandible)
-
Vertebral Column:
- Intervertebral (between vertebrae)
- Atlanto-axial (between C1 and C2 vertebrae)
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Chest:
- Sterno-clavicular
- Sterno-costal (between sternum and ribs)
- Shoulder joint
- Elbow
- Superior Radio-ulnar
- Inferior Radio-ulnar
-
Hand:
- Wrist
- Intercarpal
- Carpo-metacarpal
- Metacarpo-phalangeal
- Interphalangeal
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Pelvis:
- Sacro-iliac
- Symphysis pubis
- Hip
- Knee
-
Lower Limb:
- Superior Tibio-fibular
- Inferior Tibio-fibular
- Ankle
- Intertarsal
- Subtalar
- Tarso-metatarsal
- Interphalangeal
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Description
Explore the essential aspects of joints, including their definitions, functions, and various types. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. Test your knowledge on how these connections between bones facilitate movement and growth!
