Joining Sentences and Complex Sentences

Joining Sentences Without "and," "but," or "so"

• Joining sentences can be accomplished using various methods, not just conjunctions like "and," "but," and "so."

• These methods create more sophisticated and varied sentences.

Complex Sentences

• A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

• Dependent clauses cannot stand alone as complete sentences; they depend on an independent clause for their meaning.

• Common ways to connect these clauses without the conjunctions mentioned include using:

• Relative pronouns (e.g., who, whom, whose, which, that)

• Subordinating conjunctions (e.g., although, because, since, when, while, if, unless, though, as, after, before)

• Example: While the students studied, the instructor reviewed the previous lesson. (While = subordinating conjunction)

Transitional Phrases

• These phrases act as connectors, showing relationships between ideas within a sentence or between different sentences.

• They are used to show contrast, addition, summary, cause and effect, and other relationships.

• They can be used instead of coordinating conjunctions to link sentences.

• Examples of transitional phrases used to avoid "and," "but," or "so":

• Furthermore,

• However,

• Nevertheless,

• In addition,

• Consequently,

• Similarly,

• Conversely,

• In contrast,

• For example,

• For instance,

• On the other hand,

• First, second, third, etc.,

• Finally,

• To begin with,

• In conclusion

• Using "however" to connect sentences: The weather was nice. However, it was windy.

• Using "furthermore" to connect sentences: The film was interesting. Furthermore, the actors were superb.

• Using "first/second/third" to link parts of a sentence: First, the bread was sliced. Second, butter was spread on each slice.

Other Methods

• Using commas + coordinating conjunctions (for complex sentences)

• Example: The dog barked loudly, yet he did not bite.

• Using a colon or semicolon

• Colons are used when the second clause is a summary or example of the first.

• Semicolons are used to link closely related independent clauses, sometimes without a conjunction to indicate a stronger sense of connection.

• Example: Her teacher praised her performance; she received an award.*

• Example: I have a plan: I'll study more.

• Using punctuation effectively is crucial in avoiding the use of 'and', 'but', and 'so' when joining clauses without losing clarity or creating grammatical errors.

Sentence Types Review

• Simple Sentence: One independent clause.

• Compound Sentence: Two or more independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions (e.g., and, but, so).

• Complex Sentence: An independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.

• Compound-Complex Sentence: Two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause

This quiz explores methods of joining sentences without the use of conjunctions like 'and,' 'but,' or 'so.' It also discusses complex sentences, including independent and dependent clauses, as well as transitional phrases for better coherence in writing.