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Questions and Answers
What key concept did Lamarck propose regarding organisms' evolution?
What key concept did Lamarck propose regarding organisms' evolution?
- Overproduction of individuals
- Survival of the fittest
- Tendency towards perfection (correct)
- Variation of individuals
During Charles Darwin's travels on the H.M.S Beagle, what contributed to his hypothesis about how life changes over time?
During Charles Darwin's travels on the H.M.S Beagle, what contributed to his hypothesis about how life changes over time?
- Evidences and observation (correct)
- Struggle for existence
- Survival of the fittest
- Overproduction of individuals
According to Lamarck, how do organisms select organs based on?
According to Lamarck, how do organisms select organs based on?
- Overproduction and survival
- Use and disuse (correct)
- Struggle for existence
- Adaptation and variation
What concept did Charles Darwin propose to explain how organisms evolve based on their characteristics suited to the environment?
What concept did Charles Darwin propose to explain how organisms evolve based on their characteristics suited to the environment?
Which of the following was a key observation made by Darwin during his travels on the H.M.S Beagle?
Which of the following was a key observation made by Darwin during his travels on the H.M.S Beagle?
What was one of the main reasons for competition among individuals according to Darwin's hypothesis?
What was one of the main reasons for competition among individuals according to Darwin's hypothesis?
Which concept suggests that some traits give certain organisms an advantage for survival in their environment?
Which concept suggests that some traits give certain organisms an advantage for survival in their environment?
What is one characteristic that must be present in an organism for it to be considered well-suited to its environment?
What is one characteristic that must be present in an organism for it to be considered well-suited to its environment?
What did JEAN LAMARCK suggest as a mechanism through which organisms evolve based on their environment?
What did JEAN LAMARCK suggest as a mechanism through which organisms evolve based on their environment?
"No two individuals are exactly alike." What concept does this statement reflect?
"No two individuals are exactly alike." What concept does this statement reflect?
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Study Notes
Early Ideas of Evolution
- John Baptiste de Lamarck, a French naturalist, proposed the idea that organisms develop in response to their environment.
- He believed that organisms have a tendency towards perfection and adapt to their environment through the use and disuse of their organs.
- Lamarck was the first biologist to suggest that organisms evolve.
The Voyage of the H.M.S. Beagle
- The British Admiralty sent the H.M.S. Beagle to survey South America for natural resources in the 1820s.
- Charles Darwin, the naturalist on board, made numerous observations and collected evidence that led to his hypothesis about how life changes over time.
Charles Darwin's Hypothesis of Evolution
- Overproduction of Individuals: Every living thing produces many offspring, but only a few can survive.
- Struggle for Existence: High birth rates lead to a shortage of food supply, resulting in competition and struggle for existence among individuals.
- Variation of Individuals: No two individuals are exactly alike, even within the same species, and they have small variations.
- Survival of the Fittest: Characteristics that are advantageous or disadvantageous to an organism will determine its survival, and those that are well-suited to their environment are more likely to survive.
- Adaptation: The trait that increases survival, requiring an organism to be well-suited to its environment.
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