Job Safety Analysis Quiz

Industry Relevant Definitions

• Minimum Breaking (or Failure) Load: The specified load (mass or force) below which the equipment does not fail.
• Multipurpose Equipment: Designed to a standard specification for various loads, not one specific lifting application.
• Operative: A trained person using the equipment.
• Rated Capacity: The maximum gross load a lifting appliance can lift in any configuration.
• Proof or Test Load: The load (mass or force) applied by a Competent Person for testing.
• Single Purpose Equipment: Designed and dedicated for lifting a specific load and environment.
• Report of Test: A report issued by a competent person detailing the test specifics (previously known as test certificate); not a legal document allowing use, except when used with legal documents.

Verification

• Verification: A generic term for procedures confirming lifting equipment adheres to the required standard, specifications, legal requirements, and is safe to operate. Includes proof load tests, sample break tests, non-destructive tests, calculation, measurement, and thorough examination.

Verification – New Equipment

• For new equipment, the verification methods (dependent on the standard for materials) may differ from proof load testing in certain cases.
• Some items, built from parts verified to their own standards, may require no further tests.

Report of a Thorough Examination

• A report of a thorough examination details any defects found, or a statement that the item is fit for further use. If a test was part of the examination, test details are also included.
• The report must be kept with the lifting equipment records. There may be an appendix with the test report.

Safe (Specific Application) Working Load (SWL)

• SWL is the maximum load a lifting equipment can lift (lower or suspend) in the specific job conditions.
• SWL is marked on the equipment.
• SWL is the same value as the working load limit (WLL) or rated capacity in some cases, but may be less.

Working Load Limit (WLL)

• WLL is the maximum load a lifting equipment is designed to raise, lower, or suspend.
• In some standards, WLL is referred to as maximum SWL.
• WLL is more commonly used for lifting accessories, but rated capacity is now common for lifting appliances.

WLL vs SWL

• There's confusion between SWL, working load limit, and rated capacity.
• Working load limit or rated capacity is the maximum SWL under ideal conditions (calculated).
• The Competent Person may reduce the SWL depending on the use conditions.

Risk Assessment

• Assessing and managing risks, with a focus on human harm, legal effects, and economic consequences.
• Risk assessment involves identifying hazards, deciding who could be harmed, evaluating risks, determining precautions, recording findings, and reviewing the assessment for necessary changes.

Identifying People at Risk

• Identifying all people who may be affected by the activity, not just those directly involved. This includes workers in the vicinity, bystanders, and members of the public.

Controlling Risks

• The 3 primary reasons for assessing and managing risk are human harm, legal effects, and economic effects.

Probability and Severity

• Probability is the likelihood of harm from a hazard.
• Severity is the potential consequences if harm does occur.
• Risk is the combined likelihood and severity of a hazard.

Materials Commonly Used in Lifting Equipment

• Lifting equipment materials are typically grouped into Metals, Polymers, and Natural Products.

Steel Grades

• Steel grade numbers (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) relate to breaking strength.

Strain Age Embrittlement

• Strain age embrittlement is a form of brittleness caused by overstrained steel (resting in warm conditions).