Cons Chem
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Cons Chem

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of chemistry?

  • The study of matter and its changes (correct)
  • The exploration of physical forces in nature
  • The study of living organisms
  • The analysis of environmental effects

    • Which branch of chemistry specifically studies the chemical processes in living organisms?

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry (correct)
  • Nuclear Chemistry

    • What type of chemistry focuses on substances that do not contain a carbon-hydrogen bond?

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry (correct)

    • Which branch of chemistry uses concepts from physics to understand chemical reactions?

    <p>Physical Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Filipino chemist is known for researching alternative fuel sources derived from sugarcane and coconut?

    <p>Julian Banzon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chemistry is involved with identifying and analyzing chemical components of samples?

    <p>Analytical Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the branches of chemistry listed?

    <p>Astrochemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Environmental Chemistry primarily study?

    <p>Chemical reactions in natural environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the 'Father of Filipino Inventors'?

    <p>Benjamin Almeda Sr.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is recognized for contributions in biochemistry and organic chemistry?

    <p>Clara Lim-Sylianco</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable research was conducted by Gen. Florencio A. Medina?

    <p>Research on nuclear science and applied chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant contribution did Felix Maramba Sr. make?

    <p>Developed and utilized biogas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual is associated with the study of donor-acceptor bonds in phosphine boranes?

    <p>Maria Cristina Padolina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the 'Father of Modern Chemistry'?

    <p>Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is notable for creating a patented process for transparent soaps?

    <p>Violet Arida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist focused on the study of alcohol from tuba of a rice palm?

    <p>Anacleto Del Rosario</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Bunsen burner in the laboratory?

    <p>To furnish heat using gas or fuel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device would you use to support a crucible that requires direct heating?

    <p>Clay Triangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about an alcohol lamp is true?

    <p>It is filled with denatured alcohol to furnish heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is specifically designed to hold test tubes?

    <p>Test tube holder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wire gauze in the laboratory?

    <p>To support and protect beakers from direct flame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is an aspirator primarily made from?

    <p>Rubber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary material composition of hard glass/Pyrex glass?

    <p>Boro-alumino silicate glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volumetric glassware is specifically designed to measure a precise volume of liquid?

    <p>Volumetric Flask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding capillary pipettes?

    <p>Designed to measure and deliver a precise volume of liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a burette in a laboratory setting?

    <p>To facilitate volumetric titration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes non-volumetric glassware?

    <p>Not intended for accurate volume measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erlenmeyer flasks are particularly useful when performing which of the following tasks?

    <p>Heating and mixing without spilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is marked on a volumetric flask that indicates its function?

    <p>TC (To Contain)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a graduated pipette compared to other volumetric glassware?

    <p>It transfers fixed volumes directly from reagent bottles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of a watch glass in a laboratory setting?

    <p>To cover a beaker and prevent contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which piece of laboratory equipment is specifically designed for fractional distillation?

    <p>Distilling Flask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a separatory funnel in a laboratory?

    <p>To separate immiscible liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory equipment is used primarily to stir solutions?

    <p>Stirring Rod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following equipment is best suited for culturing microorganisms?

    <p>Petri Dish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a medicine dropper?

    <p>To measure liquids by drops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of a Florence flask makes it useful as a reaction vessel?

    <p>Its long neck allows for gas escape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate use for a funnel in laboratory procedures?

    <p>To support filter paper for liquid introduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Chemistry

    • Chemistry studies matter, including its properties, composition, and changes.

    Seven Branches of Chemistry

    • Analytical Chemistry: Focuses on the identification and analysis of chemical components; includes qualitative and quantitative methods.
    • Biochemistry: Examines chemical processes in living organisms.
    • Organic Chemistry: Studies carbon-containing compounds, primarily those covalently bonded with hydrogen, like hydrocarbons.
    • Inorganic Chemistry: Analyzes substances that lack carbon-hydrogen bonds.
    • Physical Chemistry: Combines principles of physics and chemistry to understand mechanisms, reaction rates, and energy transfers in chemical reactions.
    • Environmental Chemistry: Investigates chemical reactions in natural settings such as the atmosphere and bodies of water.
    • Nuclear Chemistry: Deals with radioactivity and nuclear transformations.

    Filipino Chemists and Contributions

    • Julian Banzon: Researched alternative fuels from sugarcane and coconut.
    • Alfredo Santos: Studied properties of Philippine medicinal plants.
    • Jose O. Juliano: Renowned for work in nuclear chemistry and physics.
    • William Padolina: Advocated for developments in natural chemistry and biotechnology; received Young Scientist Award in 1982.
    • Maria Cristina Padolina: Focused on metal recovery from mine-water.
    • Clara Lim-Sylianco: Recognized for contributions in biochemistry and organic chemistry; labeled as a Nationalist Scientist.
    • Carlito Barril: Researched toxicology, water quality, and environmental pollution.
    • Benjamin Almeda Sr.: Inventor in food processing machines, known as “Father of Filipino Inventors.”
    • Amando Kapauan: Studied mercury levels in fish from the Philippines.
    • Gen. Florencio A. Medina: “Father of Philippine Atomic Energy,” researched nuclear science.
    • Anacleto Del Rosario: Known for producing alcohol from rice palm.
    • Pedro Escuro: Isolated nine varieties of “seed board” rice.
    • Violet Arida: Developed transparent soaps using indigenous technology.
    • Felix Maramba Sr.: Created biogas systems and a coconut oil power generator.

    Foreign Chemists and Their Contributions

    • Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier: Known as the Father of Modern Chemistry; proposed the Oxygen Theory and Law of Conservation of Mass.
    • John Dalton: Developed the atomic theory.
    • Hard Glass/Pyrex Glass: A boro-alumino silicate glass resistant to breaking.

    Laboratory Glassware

    • Volumetric Glassware: Used for precise volume measurement. Categories include TC (to contain) and TD (to deliver).

      • Volumetric Flask: Flat-bottom with a long neck for measuring volumes and preparing solutions.
      • Capillary Pipette: For precise liquid measurement.
      • Burette: Graduated tube for titrations.
      • Graduated Pipette: Measures fixed volumes directly.
      • Bulb Pipette: For liquid delivery and measuring.

    • Non-Volumetric Glassware: Not designed for precise volume measurement; includes:

      • Beaker: Mixing and heating liquids in a wide-mouthed cylindrical vessel.
      • Erlenmeyer Flask: Cone-shaped glass for holding and mixing chemicals.
      • Vials: Small glass containers for storing substances.
      • Test Tubes: Used for mixing and simple chemical tests.
      • Florence Flask: Reaction vessel with a rounded body and long neck.
      • Distilling Flask: Used to separate liquid mixtures by boiling point.
      • Watch Glass: Covers beakers for contamination prevention.
      • Reagent Bottles: For storing chemical reagents.
      • Medicine Dropper: Measures liquids by drops.
      • Petri Dish: Cultures microorganisms.
      • Separatory Funnel: Separates immiscible liquids.
      • Funnel: Aids in pouring liquids into other containers.
      • Stirring Rod: Used for stirring solutions.
      • Condenser: Cools vapors back to liquid during distillation.

    Porcelain Equipment

    • Alcohol Lamp: Generates heat using denatured alcohol.
    • Bunsen Burner: Provides heat via gas or fuel.
    • Tripod: Supports laboratory apparatus.
    • Clay Triangle: Supports crucibles needing direct heat.
    • Wire Gauze: Protects beakers from direct flame.
    • Aspirator: Cleans balance pans and moves liquids into pipettes.
    • Test Tube Brush: Cleans narrow laboratory glassware.
    • Test Tube Holder: Holds test tubes securely.

    Laboratory Safety

    • Always prioritize safety procedures when using equipment and handling chemicals.

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