Jazz Flashcards Unit 8
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Questions and Answers

What is jazz?

Jazz is a music genre that originated around the turn of the twentieth century in the United States, created mainly by African Americans, incorporating elements of both European and African music.

What did the U.S. Congress declare about jazz in 1987?

  • Jazz is only for entertainment.
  • Jazz is not important.
  • Jazz is a national American treasure. (correct)
  • Jazz should be forgotten.
  • What is jazz interpretation?

    Changing a melody to a jazz melody.

    Define improvisation in the context of jazz.

    <p>Improvisation is the act of creating music in the moment by responding to various aspects like other musicians, atmosphere, and personal feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does syncopation mean in music?

    <p>Placing emphasis on unexpected beats or not emphasizing expected beats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does jazz music compare to classical music?

    <p>Both share improvisation and structured forms, but their tones differ significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Ragtime?

    <p>A music genre with a combination of marches and African rhythms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes classic jazz?

    <p>Classic jazz features a four-beat rhythm and improvisation that generally accompanies the melody.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Buddy Bolden?

    <p>Buddy Bolden was a jazz musician whose band included instruments like cornet, clarinet, string bass, trombone, and piano.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes hot jazz from classic jazz?

    <p>Hot jazz emphasizes simultaneous improvisation by multiple musicians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are speakeasies?

    <p>Establishments that sold alcohol illegally during Prohibition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Chicago-style jazz known for?

    <p>It is known for increased improvisation and innovative harmonic pieces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes swing music?

    <p>Swing features a strong rhythm section, medium to fast tempos, and encourages dancing with solo improvisation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bebop?

    <p>Bebop features faster rhythms, complex harmonies, and frequent chord changes, intended for listening rather than dancing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cool jazz?

    <p>Cool jazz is a style that combines classical music with elements of bebop and swing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Definition and Importance of Jazz

    • Designated as "America's classical music," jazz is recognized as a rare and valuable national treasure by U.S. Congress since 1987.
    • Emphasis on preservation, understanding, and support for jazz culture and heritage.

    Origins of Jazz

    • Emerged around the turn of the 20th century in the U.S., primarily created by African Americans.
    • Combines elements from both European and African musical traditions.

    Key Concepts in Jazz

    • Jazz Interpretation: The process of transforming a melody into a jazz style.
    • Improvisation: The spontaneous creation of music, essential to jazz, informed by the musician's emotions and external musical elements.
    • Syncopation: A rhythmic technique that emphasizes unexpected beats, adding liveliness to the music.

    Jazz vs. Classical Music

    • Both classical and jazz music feature improvisation and utilize established forms and structures.
    • Commonality with Baroque music, where composers like Bach were skilled improvisers.
    • Notable tonal differences exist between classical music and jazz.
    • Ragtime: Originating in the late 19th century, it merges march music with African rhythms, known for its "ragged" rhythms.
    • Classic Jazz: Characterized by a four-beat rhythm and improvisation aligned with melodies, often associated with New Orleans and Dixieland styles.
    • Hot Jazz: Focuses on simultaneous improvisation from multiple musicians, differing from classic jazz's solo-oriented improvisation.
    • Chicago-style Jazz: Known for increased improvisation and innovative harmonic elements.
    • Swing: Features a strong rhythm section, encourages dancing, and emphasizes a smoother rhythm compared to classic jazz.
    • Bebop: Faster rhythms, complex harmonies, frequent chord changes, and is designed for listening rather than dancing.

    Notable Figures and Contributions

    • Buddy Bolden: Leader of a band that played a mix of blues and folk, noted for songs like "My Bucket's Got a Hole in It."
    • Figures like Charlie "Bird" Parker and Dizzy Gillespie are key contributors to the bebop genre.

    Cultural Context

    • Speakeasies: Illegal establishments selling alcohol during Prohibition, became popular venues for jazz music and contributed to its sometimes viewed as immoral reputation.

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    Description

    Dive into the rich history and significance of jazz music with these flashcards. Learn about its origins, cultural importance, and how it has been recognized as a national treasure in the United States. Perfect for anyone looking to enhance their knowledge of this influential genre.

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