Podcast
Questions and Answers
_____ has been brought to the United States and consciously developed in conservatories and in the concert hall, while _____ is the music we sing and hear as an everyday part of society.
_____ has been brought to the United States and consciously developed in conservatories and in the concert hall, while _____ is the music we sing and hear as an everyday part of society.
Cultivated music, vernacular music
What is the main challenge with early music in the United States?
What is the main challenge with early music in the United States?
finding written music
Which of the following are basic characteristics of jazz? Which are not?
Which of the following are basic characteristics of jazz? Which are not?
What two musical styles were blended in the earliest form of rock music?
What two musical styles were blended in the earliest form of rock music?
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What characteristic of jazz was diminished in the big-band style?
What characteristic of jazz was diminished in the big-band style?
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Match the rhythm term to the correct description.
Match the rhythm term to the correct description.
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In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Fisk Singers helped to popularize what?
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Fisk Singers helped to popularize what?
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As big-band jazz became more popular, _____ entered the market, marginalizing _____
As big-band jazz became more popular, _____ entered the market, marginalizing _____
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Match the American composer to the type of music s/he is best remembered for composing.
Match the American composer to the type of music s/he is best remembered for composing.
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Order the musical innovations from earliest to most recent.
Order the musical innovations from earliest to most recent.
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'Big-band' jazz is also known as __________.
'Big-band' jazz is also known as __________.
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Which pieces feature prominent improvisation? Which do not?
Which pieces feature prominent improvisation? Which do not?
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Match the musical style to the correct excerpt.
Match the musical style to the correct excerpt.
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Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman were famous jazz musicians in which style?
Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman were famous jazz musicians in which style?
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What is the term for a short instrumental interlude as heard in this passage?
What is the term for a short instrumental interlude as heard in this passage?
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Which instruments are typically found in a bebop combo? Which are not?
Which instruments are typically found in a bebop combo? Which are not?
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The most prominent single element that unites global youth music is the _____ characteristic of _____.
The most prominent single element that unites global youth music is the _____ characteristic of _____.
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Identify the following themes from Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue.
Identify the following themes from Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue.
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Identify the main melody instrument(s) in each of the following excerpts from Duke Ellington's 'Conga Brava.'
Identify the main melody instrument(s) in each of the following excerpts from Duke Ellington's 'Conga Brava.'
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Which of the following are heard in this excerpt? Which are not?
Which of the following are heard in this excerpt? Which are not?
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Which two musical characteristics are heard in this excerpt from Solomon Linda's 'Anoku Gonda'? Which are not?
Which two musical characteristics are heard in this excerpt from Solomon Linda's 'Anoku Gonda'? Which are not?
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What is the poetic scheme heard in the lyrics of the passage below?
What is the poetic scheme heard in the lyrics of the passage below?
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When did the first American conservatories open?
When did the first American conservatories open?
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After World War II, what happened to big-band jazz?
After World War II, what happened to big-band jazz?
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Order the styles of black American popular music from earliest to latest.
Order the styles of black American popular music from earliest to latest.
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What was Tin Pan Alley?
What was Tin Pan Alley?
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When Americans did start actively cultivating music in the nineteenth century, they tended to look to _____ for opera and _____ for instrumental music.
When Americans did start actively cultivating music in the nineteenth century, they tended to look to _____ for opera and _____ for instrumental music.
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Which British rock'n'roll band is generally credited with kicking off the so-called 'British Invasion'?
Which British rock'n'roll band is generally credited with kicking off the so-called 'British Invasion'?
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Study Notes
Music Categories
- Cultivated music refers to the formal, developed styles often found in conservatories and concert halls.
- Vernacular music encompasses the everyday songs and sounds that resonate within society.
Early American Music Challenges
- A significant obstacle in early American music production was the scarcity of written music, complicating preservation and performance.
Jazz Characteristics
- Key elements of jazz include:
- Improvisation: spontaneous creation and variation of music.
- Syncopation: emphasis on unexpected beats.
- Characteristics that are not typical of jazz include:
- Heavy emphasis on the first beat.
- The AAB poetic scheme.
Early Rock Music Influences
- Early rock music emerged from a fusion of:
- Country or "hillbilly" music.
- Rhythm and blues.
- Influential styles that contributed were American musicals and jazz.
Big Band Jazz
- A notable trend in big-band jazz was the reduction of improvisation, favoring more structured performances.
Rhythm Terms
- Backbeat: Displacement of metrical accents to normally unaccented beats.
- Swing: Accents shifted slightly ahead of standard metrical points.
Fisk Singers Contribution
- In the late 19th century, the Fisk Singers played a crucial role in popularizing Negro spirituals.
Racial Dynamics in Jazz
- The rise of big-band jazz saw white musicians enter the market, which marginalized many black musicians who had originally shaped the genre.
American Composers and Their Genres
- John Philip Sousa is famed for composing marches.
- Amy Beach is known for her symphonic music.
- Stephen Foster is recognized for his contributions to popular tunes.
Musical Innovations Timeline
- The sequence of musical innovations from earliest to most recent:
- Ragtime
- Big band jazz
- Bebop
- Fusion jazz
Terminology
- Big-band jazz is also referred to as swing.
Prominent Improvisation
- Specific pieces exhibit prominent improvisation, while others do not, indicating varying styles and performances.
Musical Style Identification
- Big-band jazz, blues, bebop, and jazz fusion can be identified by specific audio excerpts showcasing their unique sounds.
Influential Jazz Figures
- Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman are prominent figures known for their mastery of swing style jazz.
Instrumentation in Bebop
- Typical instruments in a bebop combo include:
- Saxophone
- Trumpet
- Instruments not typically found in a bebop combo include:
- Violin
- Clarinet
Global Youth Music
- The unifying element of global youth music is the half-spoken, half-sung rhythmicized poetics found in rap.
Gershwin's Themes
- Gershwin's "Rhapsody in Blue" features distinct themes including:
- Theme 1
- Theme 2
- A Cuban dance tune.
Duke Ellington Excerpts
- Various instrumental melodies in Duke Ellington's "Conga Brava" include:
- Brass and clarinet
- Trombone
- Tenor saxophone.
Musical Characteristics in Excerpts
- Analyzing excerpts, characteristics such as syncopation and improvisation can be identified along with what is absent like ragtime and monophony.
Solomon Linda's "Anoku Gonda"
- This piece is recognized for:
- Call and response
- A cappella singing.
- Characteristics not present include unmetered choral declamation and monophonic texture.
Poetic Scheme
- The lyrical structure observed features an AAB poetic scheme.
American Conservatories
- The first American conservatories were established in the 1860s, marking a significant advancement in music education.
Post-War Jazz Landscape
- Following World War II, the big-band jazz scene saw a notable decline which led to its eventual collapse.
Evolution of Black American Popular Music
- The chronological emergence of black American popular music includes:
- Motown
- Soul
- Funk.
Tin Pan Alley
- Tin Pan Alley refers to a New York City district famous for the many music publishers that thrived there.
American Musical Influences
- During the 19th century, Americans primarily sought inspiration from Italy for opera and from Germany for instrumental music.
British Rock Invasion
- The Beatles are credited with initiating the "British Invasion" in rock and roll music, significantly influencing American popular music.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 24: Music in America, focusing on the evolution of jazz and its cultural significance. This quiz covers important concepts like cultivated and vernacular music, as well as challenges in early American music. Enhance your understanding of this pivotal genre in music history.
