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Questions and Answers
What is the starting index of a character in a string in Java?
What is the starting index of a character in a string in Java?
- -1
- 1
- 2
- 0 (correct)
Which statement correctly describes a String literal in Java?
Which statement correctly describes a String literal in Java?
- A string literal is created using the new keyword.
- A string literal cannot contain spaces.
- A string literal is enclosed in single quotes.
- A string literal is a series of characters in double quotes. (correct)
What does the String class's default constructor do?
What does the String class's default constructor do?
- Creates a null value reference.
- Creates a string with a predefined value.
- Creates a string with a value of 'null'.
- Creates an empty string. (correct)
How many constructors does the String class have?
How many constructors does the String class have?
What is the length of the string 'Hello World'?
What is the length of the string 'Hello World'?
Which method can be used to create a String object from a string literal directly?
Which method can be used to create a String object from a string literal directly?
What is stored in the heap area when a String object is created?
What is stored in the heap area when a String object is created?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the use of the 'new' keyword when creating a String object?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the use of the 'new' keyword when creating a String object?
What does the method charAt() do in a string?
What does the method charAt() do in a string?
What will be the output of the following code: System.out.println(strA.trim());
where strA
is ' Program with care '?
What will be the output of the following code: System.out.println(strA.trim());
where strA
is ' Program with care '?
When using the replace() method, what does the code strA.replace('b', 'c')
do?
When using the replace() method, what does the code strA.replace('b', 'c')
do?
What is the result of strA.equals(strB)
if strA
is 'Learn Java' and strB
is also 'Learn Java'?
What is the result of strA.equals(strB)
if strA
is 'Learn Java' and strB
is also 'Learn Java'?
What would be the output of System.out.println(strA.charAt(5));
if strA
is 'Java Programming'?
What would be the output of System.out.println(strA.charAt(5));
if strA
is 'Java Programming'?
Which statement about the equals() method is true?
Which statement about the equals() method is true?
What does the method trim() specifically remove from a string?
What does the method trim() specifically remove from a string?
In the context of the replace() method, what does oldChar signify?
In the context of the replace() method, what does oldChar signify?
What is the output of strA.indexOf('g') for the string 'It gets better'?
What is the output of strA.indexOf('g') for the string 'It gets better'?
What will strA.indexOf('t', 6) return for the string 'It gets better'?
What will strA.indexOf('t', 6) return for the string 'It gets better'?
If strA.indexOf('gets', 7) is executed on the string 'It gets better', what will be the result?
If strA.indexOf('gets', 7) is executed on the string 'It gets better', what will be the result?
What does the compareTo() method do in relation to two strings?
What does the compareTo() method do in relation to two strings?
What is the purpose of the optional parameter fromIndex in the indexOf method?
What is the purpose of the optional parameter fromIndex in the indexOf method?
What does the syntax 'String str = new String(char chars[])' accomplish?
What does the syntax 'String str = new String(char chars[])' accomplish?
What will be the output of this code: 'char chars[] = {'h', 'i', 's', 't', 'o','r','y'}; String s = new String(chars); System.out.println(s);'?
What will be the output of this code: 'char chars[] = {'h', 'i', 's', 't', 'o','r','y'}; String s = new String(chars); System.out.println(s);'?
What does the 'startIndex' parameter specify in the syntax 'String str = new String(char chars[], int startIndex, int count)'?
What does the 'startIndex' parameter specify in the syntax 'String str = new String(char chars[], int startIndex, int count)'?
In the syntax 'String str = new String(chars, 2, 3)', what does the count parameter indicate?
In the syntax 'String str = new String(chars, 2, 3)', what does the count parameter indicate?
Why is the variable 's' in the statement 'String s = new String(chars);' special?
Why is the variable 's' in the statement 'String s = new String(chars);' special?
Which of the following correctly initializes a String object from a character array containing {'p', 'e', 'a', 'c', 'e', 'f', 'u', 'l'} starting at index 2 for a count of 3?
Which of the following correctly initializes a String object from a character array containing {'p', 'e', 'a', 'c', 'e', 'f', 'u', 'l'} starting at index 2 for a count of 3?
What is the primary purpose of using packages in Java, as described in the content?
What is the primary purpose of using packages in Java, as described in the content?
What will the line 'String str = new String(chars, 2, 3);' result in if chars[] is defined as {'e', 'f', 'g', 'h'}?
What will the line 'String str = new String(chars, 2, 3);' result in if chars[] is defined as {'e', 'f', 'g', 'h'}?
What does the method toLowerCase() do?
What does the method toLowerCase() do?
What does the method length() return?
What does the method length() return?
What is the expected output of the following code: System.out.println(strB.concat(strA)); where strA = 'Java ' and strB = 'Programming'?
What is the expected output of the following code: System.out.println(strB.concat(strA)); where strA = 'Java ' and strB = 'Programming'?
Which method would you use to find the position of the first occurrence of a character in a string?
Which method would you use to find the position of the first occurrence of a character in a string?
What will the call to 'strA.toLowerCase()' return if strA is initialized to 'HELLO'?
What will the call to 'strA.toLowerCase()' return if strA is initialized to 'HELLO'?
What parameters can be passed to indexOf() to find a character's index?
What parameters can be passed to indexOf() to find a character's index?
What does the concat() method do in string manipulation?
What does the concat() method do in string manipulation?
If strA is 'TESTING', what will be the result of strA.toUpperCase()?
If strA is 'TESTING', what will be the result of strA.toUpperCase()?
What does the method string.compareTo(String str) return when two strings are equal?
What does the method string.compareTo(String str) return when two strings are equal?
What is the result of strA.compareTo(strC) if strA is 'Learn Java' and strC is 'Learn Kolin'?
What is the result of strA.compareTo(strC) if strA is 'Learn Java' and strC is 'Learn Kolin'?
How are elements in an array accessed in Java?
How are elements in an array accessed in Java?
What is a requirement for the elements stored in an array in Java?
What is a requirement for the elements stored in an array in Java?
What will happen to numeric array elements when they are created in Java without specific initialization?
What will happen to numeric array elements when they are created in Java without specific initialization?
In the example given, how many elements are declared in the array num?
In the example given, how many elements are declared in the array num?
What is the starting index for accessing elements in a Java array?
What is the starting index for accessing elements in a Java array?
What does strC.compareTo(strA) return in the example provided?
What does strC.compareTo(strA) return in the example provided?
Flashcards
What is a String?
What is a String?
A sequence of characters used in Java programming. It's an object in Java, meaning it has methods to manipulate it.
String Index
String Index
Each character in a string has a numerical position starting from 0. For example, "Hello World!" has a length of 12 characters.
Direct String Assignment
Direct String Assignment
You can create a string by directly assigning a literal value to a string object.
Example: String greeting = "Hello World!";
String Literal
String Literal
A string enclosed in double quotes represents a series of characters that stay constant. Example: "Hello World!"
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String Constructor
String Constructor
You can create a string using the new
keyword and the String constructor.
Example: String strGreet = new String("Hello World!");
What is a Constructor?
What is a Constructor?
A block of code that initializes a newly created object. It's used to give an initial value to a new string object.
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String(String str)
String(String str)
The most common String constructor. It creates a new String object and stores the given value in it.
Example: String s = new String("Hello World!");
String()
String()
A special String constructor that creates an empty String object.
Example: String s = new String();
toLowerCase()
toLowerCase()
A method in Java that converts all characters in a string to lowercase.
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length()
length()
A method in Java that returns the number of characters present in a string.
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concat()
concat()
A method that combines (concatenates) two strings into a new, single string.
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indexOf()
indexOf()
A method in Java that finds the index (position) of the first occurrence of a specific character or substring within a string.
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fromIndex in indexOf()
fromIndex in indexOf()
In Java, the indexOf()
method can optionally take a second argument, fromIndex
, which tells the method where to start searching in the string.
toUpperCase()
toUpperCase()
A method in Java that converts all characters in a string to uppercase.
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int ch in indexOf()
int ch in indexOf()
Used to indicate a specific character in the indexOf()
method.
int fromIndex in indexOf()
int fromIndex in indexOf()
Represents the index from which to start the search for a character using the indexOf()
method in Java.
What is a String in Java?
What is a String in Java?
A data type in Java that represents a sequence of characters. In Java, they are objects, so they can have methods to manipulate their content.
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String(char chars[])
String(char chars[])
A method used to create a new String object containing an array of characters. Think of it as converting characters into a string.
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String(char chars[], int startIndex, int count)
String(char chars[], int startIndex, int count)
A method used to create a new String object containing characters from a specified part of a character array. It allows you to extract only a portion of an array.
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What is an object reference variable?
What is an object reference variable?
A special type of variable in Java that holds the address of a block of memory. Objects in Java are stored in the heap area.
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What is a package in Java?
What is a package in Java?
A special feature in Java that allows you to group related classes together. They help organize code.
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How does memory allocation work in Java?
How does memory allocation work in Java?
The process of storing and retrieving data from computer memory, specifically using addresses within the heap area.
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What does the charAt() method do?
What does the charAt() method do?
A method that returns the character at a specific position within a String. The index starts from 0 for the first character.
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What does the trim() method do?
What does the trim() method do?
A method that removes leading and trailing whitespace characters from a String.
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What does the replace() method do?
What does the replace() method do?
A method that replaces all occurrences of a specific character or text with a new character or text within a String.
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What does the equals() method do?
What does the equals() method do?
A method that compares two Strings to check if they are identical. It returns true if they are the same, and false if they are different.
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What is a substring within a String?
What is a substring within a String?
A character sequence within a String that is being searched for or manipulated.
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What is a null terminator in terms of Strings?
What is a null terminator in terms of Strings?
A special type of character used to mark the end of a String in Java. It is represented by a backslash followed by a zero ("\0").
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What is immutability in the context of Strings?
What is immutability in the context of Strings?
Immutability refers to the concept that the content of a String object cannot be directly modified. New String objects are created when changes are made.
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What is the 'indexOf()' method in Java?
What is the 'indexOf()' method in Java?
A method that searches for a specific character or substring within a string and returns its first occurrence's index. This method can optionally take a starting index from where to begin the search.
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What is the 'compareTo()' method in Java?
What is the 'compareTo()' method in Java?
This method is used to compare two strings based on their Unicode values. The comparison is similar to the alphabetical order in a dictionary.
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What is the 'fromIndex' parameter in 'indexOf()'?
What is the 'fromIndex' parameter in 'indexOf()'?
The 'fromIndex', can be used to specify where the search should start. It allows you to find the index of a substring within a string starting from a specific position.
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What is a String index?
What is a String index?
The index of a character in a string is its position within the string, starting from zero. For example, in "Hello World!", the index of 'H' is 0 and the index of 'W' is 6.
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Strings in Java
- Strings are sequences of characters used extensively in Java programming
- Java's
String
class handles string creation and manipulation - Characters within a string have numbered positions (index) starting at 0
- String length is determined by the number of characters
Creating Strings
- Direct assignment: Assigning a string literal to a String object
String greeting = "Hello World!";
- Using the
new
keyword and constructor: Creating a String objectString strGreet = new String("Hello World!");
- String literals are enclosed in double quotes and considered constants
- The compiler creates a String object when encountering a literal
String Methods
-
charAt(int index)
: Returns the character at a specified index -
equals(String str)
: Checks if two strings are identical in value -
compareTo(String str)
: Compares strings lexicographically (dictionary order)- Returns 0 if equal, negative if comes before, positive if after
-
toLowerCase()
: Converts all characters to lowercase -
toUpperCase()
: Converts all characters to uppercase -
length()
: Returns the number of characters in a string -
concat(String str)
: Returns a new string by concatenating (joining) two strings -
indexOf(int ch, int fromIndex)
: Finds the index of the first occurrence of a character, starting from an optional index
Arrays in Java
- Arrays store collections of elements of the same data type
- Elements are accessed using an index (starting at 0)
- Arrays hold a fixed number of elements
- All elements are of the same data type:
int
,double
,String
, etc. - Arrays can be declared and initialized at the time of creation, or initialized by allocating memory space and then assigning data later
- Arrays are stored in contiguous memory locations
- Multi-dimensional: Arrays within arrays
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