Japanese Invasion During WWII

Questions and Answers

What measures were taken during martial law concerning public officials in the Philippines?

Public officials were allowed to stop their duties entirely.

All public officials were replaced by Japanese officials.

Public officials were required to continue discharging their duties. (correct)

Public officials had to resign from their positions.

What was one of the social impacts of martial law in the Philippines?

The establishment of new political parties.

The prohibition of public gatherings.

Mandatory military training for all citizens.

The requirement to travel with a pass issued by the army. (correct)

What event marked the surrender of U.S. forces during the Bataan Death March?

The Battle of Midway.

The lifting of the blockade.

The surrender of General Edward King Jr. (correct)

The fall of Corregidor.

What date was Pearl Harbor bombed, prompting the US to go to war?

December 8, 1941 Signup and view all the answers

Which general declared Manila an open city?

General MacArthur Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary issue caused by the circulation of 'Mickey Mouse Money' during the war?

A dramatic increase in inflation. Signup and view all the answers

What type of establishments were identified as providing services to soldiers during the occupation?

Comfort stations and brothels. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the rules imposed during Japanese martial law in the Philippines?

Surrender of all firearms Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred on January 2, 1942, concerning the American rule in the Philippines?

Occupational proclamation by Lt. Gen. Homma Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of the Japanese troops after landing at the Lingayen Gulf?

To occupy Manila quickly Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Japanese Invasion Overview

December 8, 1941: Pearl Harbor was bombed, leading the United States to enter World War II.
December 9, 1941: Attack on the Philippines began, destroying American aircraft ground forces.
December 12, 1941: American Asiatic Fleet withdrew to Java due to lack of air cover.

Japanese Advances in the Philippines

December 22, 1941: Japanese troops landed at Lingayen Gulf, advancing towards Manila.
December 25, 1941: General MacArthur declared Manila an open city, moving the government to Corregidor.
January 2, 1942: Japanese occupied Manila; Lt. Gen. Homma declared the end of American rule.

Martial Law Under Japanese Occupation

January 3, 1942: Homma announced the end of American occupation; martial law was declared.
Rules included the surrender of firearms, establishment of detention camps, and imprisonment of clergy suspected of subversion.
Martial law enforced curfews and arbitrary arrests; censorship on publications was implemented.

Economic Impact and Infrastructural Changes

Mickey Mouse money circulated, causing rampant inflation.
Churches were used to propagate messages against resistance to Japanese rule.

Bataan Death March

April 9, 1942: General Edward King Jr. surrendered 75,000 troops after three months of fighting with scarce resources.
Prisoners forced to march 105 kilometers to Bataan, from April 10 to April 15, 1942.

Comfort Women

Research indicated the establishment of comfort stations for military personnel, highlighting wartime exploitation.

Puppet Government and KALIBAPI

Government leaders Quezon and Osmeña fled to the U.S., while MacArthur planned his return from Australia.
December 2, 1942: KALIBAPI was formed to support reconstruction and Filipino rehabilitation during occupation.
KALIBAPI organized a new government structure and held a convention in June 1943 to prepare for Philippine independence.

Formation of the New Republic

KALIBAPI’s constitution was publicized on September 4, 1943, and ratified by September 7, 1943.
Election of 54 National Assembly members led to Jose P. Laurel becoming President and Benigno Aquino Sr. as Vice President.

Challenges of the Republic

Severe shortages of food, clothing, oil, and other necessities plagued the population due to ongoing conflict and occupation.
President Laurel faced immense pressure from war circumstances and Japanese governance.

HUKBALAHAP Resistance

The Hukbong Bayan Laban sa mga Hapon (HUKBALAHAP) was established as a guerrilla resistance group in Central Luzon, led by Luis Taruc, a member of the communist party.

Description

Explore the key events of the Japanese invasion in World War II, focusing on the attack on Pearl Harbor, the advances in the Philippines, and the subsequent martial law. Delve into how these pivotal moments shaped the course of the war and impacted American forces. Test your knowledge on this critical chapter of history.