Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of intravenous fluid is most commonly used for routine fluid maintenance and dehydration treatment?
Which type of intravenous fluid is most commonly used for routine fluid maintenance and dehydration treatment?
- 0.9% NS (Isotonic) (correct)
- 3% NS (Hypertonic)
- Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W)
- 0.45% NS (Hypotonic)
A patient presents with hypovolemia and hypernatremia. Which intravenous fluid would be most appropriate?
A patient presents with hypovolemia and hypernatremia. Which intravenous fluid would be most appropriate?
- Lactated Ringer's
- 0.9% NS (Isotonic)
- 3% NS (Hypertonic)
- 0.45% NS (Hypotonic) (correct)
3% NS is primarily used to treat which conditions?
3% NS is primarily used to treat which conditions?
- Dehydration and hypernatremia
- Dehydration and hyponatremia
- Hypovolemia and hyponatremia (correct)
- Hypervolemia and hypernatremia
What serum sodium level defines hyponatremia?
What serum sodium level defines hyponatremia?
A patient's serum potassium level is 6.2 mEq/L. Which condition does this indicate and what is a potential treatment?
A patient's serum potassium level is 6.2 mEq/L. Which condition does this indicate and what is a potential treatment?
Blood transfusions are typically considered when total body water (TBW) is reduced by at least what percentage?
Blood transfusions are typically considered when total body water (TBW) is reduced by at least what percentage?
What intravenous solution should be paired with blood transfusions?
What intravenous solution should be paired with blood transfusions?
Which of the following is an immediate action to take if a patient shows signs of a transfusion reaction?
Which of the following is an immediate action to take if a patient shows signs of a transfusion reaction?
Edema and crackles in the lungs are signs of what condition during fluid administration?
Edema and crackles in the lungs are signs of what condition during fluid administration?
A patient with a sodium level of 152 mEq/L is likely experiencing:
A patient with a sodium level of 152 mEq/L is likely experiencing:
Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with a transfusion reaction?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with a transfusion reaction?
A patient receiving intravenous fluids suddenly develops dyspnea and coarse crackles are auscultated in the lung fields. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A patient receiving intravenous fluids suddenly develops dyspnea and coarse crackles are auscultated in the lung fields. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Kayexalate is administered for hyperkalemia. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?
Kayexalate is administered for hyperkalemia. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?
A patient with a history of heart failure is receiving 0.9% NS. Which assessment finding would be most concerning?
A patient with a history of heart failure is receiving 0.9% NS. Which assessment finding would be most concerning?
What is the rationale for using 0.9% NS as the only acceptable fluid for blood transfusion?
What is the rationale for using 0.9% NS as the only acceptable fluid for blood transfusion?
What serum potassium level defines hypokalemia?
What serum potassium level defines hypokalemia?
Flashcards
0.9% NS (isotonic fluid)
0.9% NS (isotonic fluid)
A crystalloid solution with a concentration similar to body fluids, used for fluid maintenance and dehydration treatment.
0.45% NS (hypotonic fluid)
0.45% NS (hypotonic fluid)
Also known as half-strength normal saline, it's a hypotonic IV solution used to replace water in patients with hypovolemia and hypernatremia.
3% NS (hypertonic fluid)
3% NS (hypertonic fluid)
Primarily used to treat hypovolemia and hyponatremia.
Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia
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Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia
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Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia
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Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia
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Blood transfusions
Blood transfusions
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Fluid Overload
Fluid Overload
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Study Notes
- 0.9% NS is an isotonic crystalloid solution containing fluids and electrolytes found in the body
- This solution is commonly used for fluid maintenance and dehydration treatment
- 0.45% NS is a hypotonic IV solution known as half-strength normal saline
- 0.45% NS replaces water in patients who have hypovolemia with hypernatremia
- 3% NS is a hypertonic fluid
- 3% NS treats hypovolemia and hyponatremia
- Normal sodium levels are 135-145 mEq/L
- Sodium levels that are below 135 mEq/L indicate hyponatremia
- Sodium levels above 145 mEq/L indicate hypernatremia
- Normal potassium levels are 3.5-5 mEq/L
- Potassium levels below 3.5 mEq/L indicate hypokalemia
- Potassium levels above 5 mEq/L indicate hyperkalemia, which can be treated with kayexalate
- Blood transfusions are given when TBW is reduced by 25% or more
- Blood transfusions should only be paired with 0.9% NS
- Immediately stop blood transfusions at any sign of reaction;
- Signs of a reaction include muscle aches, chills, back pain, flushing, itching, and fever
- When administering any fluids, monitor for fluid overload
- Fluid overload symptoms include edema and crackles in the lungs
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